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she works in industry

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1 industry

'indəstri
plural - industries; noun

1) ((any part of) the business of producing or making goods: the ship-building industry; The government should invest more money in industry.) industria

2) (hard work or effort: He owed his success to both ability and industry.) diligencia

•

- industrial
- industrialist
- industrialized
- industrialised
- industrialization
- industrialisation
- industrious
- industrial estate
- industrial relations

industry n industria

the tourist industry la industria turística

El plural de industry se escribe industries

industry

tr['ɪndəstrɪ]

noun (pl industries)

1 (gen) industria

2 formal use (hard work) diligencia

industry ['ɪndəstri] n, pl - tries

1) diligence: diligencia f, aplicación f

2) : industria f

the steel industry: la industria siderúrgica

industry

n.

• diligencia s.f.

• industria s.f.

• laboriosidad s.f.

'ɪndəstri
noun (pl - tries)

1)

a) u ( in general) industria f

she works in industry — trabaja en el sector empresarial

b) c ( particular branch) industria f

the steel/textile industry — la industria siderúrgica/textil

the tourist industry — el turismo

2) u ( hard work) (frml) laboriosidad f, diligencia f, aplicación f

['ɪndǝstrɪ]
N
1) industria f

the steel/coal/textile industry — la industria siderúrgica/minera/textil

the banking/insurance/hotel industry — el sector bancario/de seguros/hotelero

the tourist industry — el turismo

a career in industry — una carrera en el sector empresarial
heavy 4.
2) (=industriousness) laboriosidad f, aplicación f

* * *
['ɪndəstri]
noun (pl - tries)

1)

a) u ( in general) industria f

she works in industry — trabaja en el sector empresarial

b) c ( particular branch) industria f

the steel/textile industry — la industria siderúrgica/textil

the tourist industry — el turismo

2) u ( hard work) (frml) laboriosidad f, diligencia f, aplicación f

English-spanish dictionary > industry
2 work

work [wɜ:k]

travail ⇒ 1 (a)-(e), 1 (g) œuvre ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (f) besogne ⇒ 1 (b) emploi ⇒ 1 (c) ouvrage ⇒ 1 (f) recherches ⇒ 1 (g) travailler ⇒ 2A (a)-(e), 3A (b), 3A (c), 3A (e), 3C (a) fonctionner ⇒ 2B (a) marcher ⇒ 2B (a), 2B (b) réussir ⇒ 2B (b) agir ⇒ 2B (c), 2B (d) faire travailler ⇒ 3A (a) faire marcher ⇒ 3B (a) façonner ⇒ 3C (a) mécanisme ⇒ 4 1 (a) travaux ⇒ 4 1 (b) usine ⇒ 4 2 (a)

1 noun

(a) (effort, activity) travail m, œuvre f;

∎ computers take some of the work out of filing les ordinateurs facilitent le classement;

∎ this report needs more work il y a encore du travail à faire sur ce rapport, ce rapport demande plus de travail;

∎ she's done a lot of work for charity elle a beaucoup travaillé pour des associations caritatives;

∎ it will take a lot of work to make a team out of them ça va être un drôle de travail de faire d'eux une équipe;

∎ keep up the good work! continuez comme ça!;

∎ nice or good work! c'est du bon travail!, bravo!;

∎ that's fine work or a fine piece of work c'est du beau travail;

∎ your work has been useful vous avez fait du travail utile;

∎ work on the tunnel is to start in March (existing tunnel) les travaux sur le tunnel doivent commencer en mars; (new tunnel) la construction du tunnel doit commencer en mars;

∎ work in progress Administration travail en cours; Accountancy travaux mpl en cours, inventaire m de production; (sign) travaux en cours;

∎ she put a lot of work into that book elle a beaucoup travaillé sur ce livre;

∎ to make work for sb compliquer la vie à qn;

∎ to start work, to set to work se mettre au travail;

∎ she set or she went to work on the contract elle a commencé à travailler sur le contrat;

∎ he set to work undermining their confidence il a entrepris de saper leur confiance;

∎ I set him to work (on) painting the kitchen je lui ai donné la cuisine à peindre;

∎ they put him to work in the kitchen ils l'ont mis au travail dans la cuisine;

∎ let's get (down) to work! (mettons-nous) au travail!;

∎ proverb all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy beaucoup de travail et peu de loisirs ne réussissent à personne

(b) (duty, task) travail m, besogne f;

∎ I've got loads of work to do j'ai énormément de travail à faire;

∎ she gave us too much work elle nous a donné trop de travail;

∎ he's trying to get some work done il essaie de travailler un peu;

∎ they do their work well ils travaillent bien, ils font du bon travail;

∎ it's hard work c'est du travail, ce n'est pas facile;

∎ it's thirsty work ça donne soif;

∎ to make short or light work of sth expédier qch;

∎ figurative to make short work of sb ne faire qu'une bouchée de qn;

∎ familiar it's nice work if you can get it! c'est une bonne planque, encore faut-il la trouver!

(c) (paid employment) travail m, emploi m;

∎ what (kind of) work do you do? qu'est-ce que vous faites dans la vie?, quel travail faites-vous?;

∎ I do translation work je suis traducteur, je fais des traductions;

∎ to find work trouver du travail;

∎ to look for work chercher du travail ou un emploi;

∎ to be in work travailler, avoir un emploi;

∎ to be out of work être au chômage ou sans travail ou sans emploi;

∎ he had a week off work (holiday) il a pris une semaine de vacances; (illness) il n'est pas allé au travail pendant une semaine;

∎ to take time off work prendre des congés;

∎ she's off work today elle ne travaille pas aujourd'hui;

∎ to do a full day's work faire une journée entière de travail;

∎ people out of work (gen) les chômeurs mpl; Administration & Economics les inactifs mpl

(d) (place of employment) travail m; Administration lieu m de travail;

∎ I go to work by bus je vais au travail en bus;

∎ I'm late for work je suis en retard pour le travail;

∎ he's a friend from work c'est un collègue;

∎ where is your (place of) work? où travaillez-vous?, quel est votre lieu de travail?;

∎ on her way home from work en rentrant du travail

(e) (papers, material etc being worked on) travail m;

∎ to take work home prendre du travail à la maison;

∎ her work was all over the table son travail était étalé sur la table

(f) (creation, artefact etc) œuvre f; (on smaller scale) ouvrage m; Sewing ouvrage m;

∎ it's all my own work j'ai tout fait moi-même;

∎ it's an interesting piece of work (gen) c'est un travail intéressant; Art, Literature & Music c'est une œuvre intéressante;

∎ very detailed/delicate work (embroidery, carving etc) ouvrage très détaillé/délicat;

∎ these formations are the work of the wind ces formations sont l'œuvre du vent;

∎ the silversmith sells much of his work to hotels l'orfèvre vend une grande partie de ce qu'il fait ou de son travail à des hôtels;

∎ the complete works of Shakespeare les œuvres complètes ou l'œuvre de Shakespeare;

∎ a new work on Portugal un nouvel ouvrage sur le Portugal;

∎ a work of art une œuvre d'art;

∎ works of fiction des ouvrages de fiction

(g) (research) travail m, recherches fpl;

∎ there hasn't been a lot of work done on the subject peu de travail a été fait ou peu de recherches ont été faites sur le sujet

(h) (deed) œuvre f, acte m;

∎ good works bonnes œuvres fpl;

∎ each man will be judged by his works chaque homme sera jugé selon ses œuvres;

∎ charitable works actes mpl de charité, actes mpl charitables;

∎ the murder is the work of a madman le meurtre est l'œuvre d'un fou

(i) (effect) effet m;

∎ wait until the medicine has done its work attendez que le médicament ait agi ou ait produit son effet

(j) Physics travail m

2 intransitive verb

A.

(a) (exert effort on a specific task, activity etc) travailler;

∎ we worked for hours cleaning the house nous avons passé des heures à faire le ménage;

∎ they worked in the garden ils ont fait du jardinage;

∎ we work hard nous travaillons dur;

∎ she's working on a novel just now elle travaille à un roman en ce moment;

∎ a detective is working on this case un détective est sur cette affaire;

∎ he works at or on keeping himself fit il fait de l'exercice pour garder la forme;

∎ we have to work to a deadline nous devons respecter des délais dans notre travail;

∎ we have to work to a budget nous devons travailler avec un certain budget;

∎ I've worked with the handicapped before j'ai déjà travaillé avec les handicapés;

∎ I work with the Spanish on that project je travaille (en collaboration) avec les Espagnols sur ce projet

(b) (be employed) travailler;

∎ he works as a teacher il a un poste d'enseignant;

∎ I work in advertising je travaille dans la publicité;

∎ who do you work for? chez qui est-ce que vous travaillez?;

∎ she works in or for a bank elle travaille dans ou pour une banque;

∎ I work a forty-hour week je travaille quarante heures par semaine, je fais une semaine de quarante heures;

∎ to work for a living travailler pour gagner sa vie;

∎ Industry to work to rule faire la grève du zèle

(c) (strive for a specific goal or aim)

∎ to work for a good cause travailler pour une bonne cause;

∎ they're working for better international relations ils s'efforcent d'améliorer les relations internationales

(d) (study) travailler, étudier;

∎ you're going to have to work if you want to pass the exam il va falloir que tu travailles ou que tu étudies si tu veux avoir ton examen

(e) (use a specified substance) travailler;

∎ this sculptor works in or with copper ce sculpteur travaille avec le cuivre;

∎ she has always worked in or with watercolours elle a toujours travaillé avec de la peinture à l'eau

B.

(a) (function, operate → machine, brain, system) fonctionner, marcher;

∎ the lift doesn't work at night l'ascenseur ne marche pas la nuit;

∎ the lift never works l'ascenseur est toujours en panne;

∎ the radio works off batteries la radio fonctionne avec des piles;

∎ a pump worked by hand une pompe actionnée à la main ou manuellement;

∎ they soon got or had it working ils sont vite parvenus à le faire fonctionner;

∎ she sat still, her brain or her mind working furiously elle était assise immobile, le cerveau en ébullition;

∎ figurative everything worked smoothly tout s'est déroulé comme prévu;

∎ your idea just won't work ton idée ne peut pas marcher;

∎ this relationship isn't working cette relation ne marche pas;

∎ that argument works both ways ce raisonnement est à double tranchant;

∎ how does the law work exactly? comment la loi fonctionne-t-elle exactement?

(b) (produce results, succeed) marcher, réussir;

∎ it worked brilliantly ça a très bien marché;

∎ their scheme didn't work leur complot a échoué;

∎ that/flattery won't work with me ça/la flatterie ne prend pas avec moi

(c) (drug, medicine) agir, produire ou faire son effet

(d) (act) agir;

∎ the acid works as a catalyst l'acide agit comme ou sert de catalyseur;

∎ events have worked against us/in our favour les événements ont agi contre nous/en notre faveur;

∎ I'm working on the assumption that they'll sign the contract je pars du principe qu'ils signeront le contrat

C.

(a) (reach a condition or state gradually)

∎ to work loose se desserrer;

∎ to work free se libérer;

∎ the nail worked through the sole of my shoe le clou est passé à travers la semelle de ma chaussure

(b) (face, mouth) se contracter, se crisper

(c) (ferment) fermenter

3 transitive verb

A.

(a) (worker, employee, horse) faire travailler;

∎ the boss works his staff hard le patron exige beaucoup de travail de ses employés;

∎ you work yourself too hard tu te surmènes;

∎ to work oneself to death se tuer à la tâche;

∎ to work one's fingers to the bone s'user au travail

(b) (pay for with labour or service)

∎ they worked their passage to India ils ont payé leur passage en Inde en travaillant;

∎ I worked my way through college j'ai travaillé pour payer mes études à l'université

(c) (carry on activity in)

∎ he works the southern sales area il travaille pour le service commercial de la région sud;

∎ the pollster worked both sides of the street le sondeur a enquêté des deux côtés de la rue;

∎ figurative the candidate worked the crowd le candidat s'efforçait de soulever l'enthousiasme de la foule;

∎ a real-estate agent who works the phones un agent immobilier qui fait de la prospection par téléphone;

∎ she works the bars (prostitute) elle travaille dans les bars

(d) (achieve, accomplish)

∎ the new policy will work major changes la nouvelle politique opérera ou entraînera des changements importants;

∎ the story worked its magic or its charm on the public l'histoire a enchanté le public;

∎ to work a spell on sb jeter un sort à qn;

∎ to work miracles faire ou accomplir des miracles;

∎ to work wonders faire merveille;

∎ she has worked wonders with the children elle a fait des merveilles avec les enfants

(e) (make use of, exploit → land) travailler, cultiver; (→ mine, quarry) exploiter, faire valoir

B.

(a) (operate) faire marcher, faire fonctionner;

∎ this switch works the furnace ce bouton actionne ou commande la chaudière;

∎ he knows how to work the drill il sait se servir de la perceuse

(b) (manoeuvre)

∎ I worked the handle up and down j'ai remué la poignée de haut en bas;

∎ to work one's hands free parvenir à dégager ses mains;

∎ she worked the ropes loose elle a réussi à desserrer les cordes petit à petit

(c) (by slow progression)

∎ I worked my way along the ledge j'ai longé la saillie avec précaution;

∎ he worked his way down/up the cliff il a descendu/monté la falaise lentement;

∎ the beggar worked his way towards us le mendiant s'est approché de nous;

∎ they worked their way through the list ils ont traité chaque élément de la liste tour à tour;

∎ he's worked his way through the whole grant il a épuisé toute la subvention;

∎ a band of rain working its way across the country un front de pluie qui traverse le pays;

∎ they have worked themselves into a corner ils se sont mis dans une impasse

(d) familiar (contrive) s'arranger;

∎ she managed to work a few days off elle s'est arrangée ou s'est débrouillée pour avoir quelques jours de congé;

∎ I worked it or worked things so that she's never alone j'ai fait en sorte qu'elle ou je me suis arrangé pour qu'elle ne soit jamais seule

C.

(a) (shape → leather, metal, stone) travailler, façonner; (→ clay, dough) travailler, pétrir; (→ object, sculpture) façonner; Sewing (design, initials) broder;

∎ she worked the silver into earrings elle a travaillé l'argent pour en faire des boucles d'oreilles;

∎ she worked a figure out of the wood elle a sculpté une silhouette dans le bois;

∎ the flowers are worked in silk les fleurs sont brodées en soie;

∎ work the putty into the right consistency travaillez le mastic pour lui donner la consistance voulue

(b) (rub)

∎ gently work the cream into your hands massez-vous les mains pour faire pénétrer la crème;

∎ work the dye into the surface of the leather faites pénétrer la teinture dans le cuir

(c) (excite, provoke)

∎ the orator worked the audience into a frenzy l'orateur a enflammé ou a galvanisé le public;

∎ she worked herself into a rage elle s'est mise dans une colère noire

4 works

1 plural noun

(a) (mechanism) mécanisme m, rouages mpl; (of clock) mouvement m;

∎ familiar to foul up or to gum up the works tout foutre en l'air

(b) Building industry travaux mpl; (installation) installations fpl;

∎ road works travaux mpl; (sign) travaux;

∎ Minister/Ministry of Works ministre m/ministère m des Travaux publics

2 noun

(a) Industry (factory) usine f;

∎ a printing works une imprimerie;

∎ a gas works une usine à gaz;

∎ price ex works prix m sortie usine

(b) familiar (everything)

∎ the (whole) works tout le bataclan ou le tralala;

∎ they had eggs, bacon, toast, the works ils mangeaient des œufs, du bacon, du pain grillé, tout, quoi!;

∎ American to shoot the works jouer le grand jeu;

∎ American we shot the works on the project nous avons mis le paquet sur le projet;

∎ to give sb the works (special treatment) dérouler le tapis rouge pour qn; (beating) passer qn à tabac

5 at work

1 adjective

(a) (person)

∎ to be at work on sth/(on) doing sth travailler (à) qch/à faire qch;

∎ he's at work on a new book il travaille à un nouveau livre;

∎ they're hard at work painting the house ils sont en plein travail, ils repeignent la maison

(b) (having an effect)

∎ there are several factors at work here il y a plusieurs facteurs qui entrent en jeu ou qui jouent ici;

∎ there are evil forces at work des forces mauvaises sont en action

2 adverb

(at place of work)

∎ she's at work (gen) elle est au travail; (office) elle est au bureau; (factory) elle est à l'usine;

∎ I'll phone you at work je t'appellerai au travail;

∎ we met at work on s'est connus au travail

►► work area (in school, home) coin m de travail; Computing zone f de travail;

works band fanfare m (d'une entreprise);

work camp (prison) camp m de travail; (voluntary) chantier m de travail;

American work coat blouse f;

works committee, works council comité m d'entreprise;

work ethic = exaltation des valeurs liées au travail;

work experience stage m (en entreprise);

∎ the course includes two months' work experience le programme comprend un stage en entreprise de deux mois;

American work farm = camp de travail forcé où les détenus travaillent la terre;

Computing work file fichier m de travail;

work flow déroulement m des opérations;

work group groupe m de travail;

works manager directeur(trice) m,f d'usine;

work party (of soldiers) escouade f; (of prisoners) groupe m de travail;

work permit permis m de travail;

Computing work sheet feuille f de travail;

work space (at home) coin-travail m; (in office) & Computing espace m de travail;

∎ I need more work space j'ai besoin de plus d'espace pour travailler;

work surface surface f de travail;

American work week semaine f de travail

➲ work away intransitive verb

travailler;

∎ while he worked away at fixing the furnace tandis qu'il travaillait à réparer la chaudière;

∎ we worked away all evening nous avons passé la soirée à travailler

➲ work down intransitive verb

glisser;

∎ her socks had worked down around her ankles ses chaussettes étaient tombées sur ses chevilles

➲ work in separable transitive verb

(a) (incorporate) incorporer;

∎ work the ointment in thoroughly faites bien pénétrer la pommade;

∎ Cookery work the butter into the flour incorporez le beurre à la farine

(b) (insert) faire entrer ou introduire petit à petit;

∎ he worked in a few sly remarks about the boss il a réussi à glisser quelques réflexions sournoises sur le patron;

∎ I'll try and work the translation in some time this week (into schedule) j'essayerai de (trouver le temps de) faire la traduction dans le courant de la semaine

➲ work off separable transitive verb

(a) (dispose of → fat, weight) se débarrasser de, éliminer; (→ anxiety, frustration) passer, assouvir;

∎ I worked off my excess energy chopping wood j'ai dépensé mon trop-plein d'énergie en cassant du bois;

∎ he worked off his tensions by running il s'est défoulé en faisant du jogging;

∎ to work off one's anger on sb passer sa colère sur qn

(b) (debt, obligation)

∎ it took him three months to work off his debt il a dû travailler trois mois pour rembourser son emprunt

➲ work on

1 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (person) essayer de convaincre;

∎ we've been working on him but he still won't go nous avons essayé de le persuader mais il ne veut toujours pas y aller;

∎ I'll work on her je vais m'occuper d'elle

(b) (task, problem)

∎ the police are working on who stole the jewels la police s'efforce de retrouver celui qui a volé les bijoux;

∎ he's been working on his breaststroke/emotional problems il a travaillé sa brasse/essayé de résoudre ses problèmes sentimentaux;

∎ have you got any ideas? - I'm working on it as-tu des idées? - je cherche

(c) (use as basis)

∎ have you any data to work on? avez-vous des données sur lesquelles vous fonder?

2 intransitive verb

(continue to work) continuer à travailler

➲ work out

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (discharge fully) acquitter en travaillant;

∎ to work out one's notice faire son préavis

(b) (calculate → cost, distance, sum) calculer; (→ answer, total) trouver;

∎ I work it out at £22 d'après mes calculs, ça fait 22 livres

(c) (solve → calculation, problem) résoudre; (→ puzzle) faire, résoudre; (→ code) déchiffrer;

∎ have they worked out their differences? est-ce qu'ils ont réglé ou résolu leurs différends?;

∎ I'm sure we can work this thing out (your problem) je suis sûr que nous pouvons arranger ça; (our argument) je suis sûr que nous finirons par nous mettre d'accord;

∎ things will work themselves out les choses s'arrangeront toutes seules ou d'elles-mêmes

(d) (formulate → idea, plan) élaborer, combiner; (→ agreement, details) mettre au point;

∎ to work out a solution trouver une solution;

∎ have you worked out yet when it's due to start? est-ce que tu sais quand ça doit commencer?;

∎ she had it all worked out elle avait tout planifié;

∎ we worked out an easier route nous avons trouvé un itinéraire plus facile

(e) (figure out) arriver à comprendre;

∎ I finally worked out why he was acting so strangely j'ai enfin découvert ou compris pourquoi il se comportait si bizarrement;

∎ the dog had worked out how to open the door le chien avait compris comment ouvrir la porte;

∎ I can't work her out je n'arrive pas à la comprendre;

∎ I can't work their relationship out leurs rapports me dépassent

(f) (mine, well) épuiser

2 intransitive verb

(a) (happen) se passer;

∎ it depends on how things work out ça dépend de la façon dont les choses se passent;

∎ the trip worked out as planned le voyage s'est déroulé comme prévu;

∎ I wonder how it will all work out je me demande comment tout cela va s'arranger;

∎ it all worked out for the best tout a fini par s'arranger pour le mieux;

∎ but it didn't work out that way mais il en a été tout autrement;

∎ it worked out badly for them les choses ont mal tourné pour eux

(b) (have a good result → job, plan) réussir; (→ problem, puzzle) se résoudre;

∎ she worked out fine as personnel director elle s'est bien débrouillée comme directeur du personnel;

∎ are things working out for you OK? est-ce que ça se passe bien pour toi?;

∎ did the new job work out? ça a marché pour le nouveau boulot?;

∎ it didn't work out between them les choses ont plutôt mal tourné entre eux;

∎ their project didn't work out leur projet est tombé à l'eau

(c) (amount to)

∎ how much does it all work out at? ça fait combien en tout?;

∎ the average price for an apartment works out to or at $5,000 per square metre le prix moyen d'un appartement s'élève ou revient à 5000 dollars le mètre carré;

∎ that works out at three hours a week ça fait trois heures par semaine;

∎ electric heating works out expensive le chauffage électrique revient cher

(d) (exercise) faire de l'exercice; (professional athlete) s'entraîner

➲ work over separable transitive verb

(a) American (revise) revoir, réviser

(b) familiar (beat up) tabasser, passer à tabac

➲ work round

1 intransitive verb

(a) (turn) tourner;

∎ the wind worked round to the north le vent a tourné au nord petit à petit

(b) figurative (in conversation)

∎ he finally worked round to the subject of housing il a fini par aborder le sujet du logement;

∎ what's she working round to? où veut-elle en venir?

2 separable transitive verb

∎ (bring round) I worked the conversation round to my salary j'ai amené la conversation sur la question de mon salaire

➲ work through

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (insert) faire passer à travers

(b) (progress through)

∎ we worked our way through the crowd nous nous sommes frayé un chemin à travers la foule;

∎ he worked his way through the book il a lu le livre du début à la fin;

∎ figurative I worked the problem through j'ai étudié le problème sous tous ses aspects

2 inseparable transitive verb

(a) (continue to work)

∎ she worked through lunch elle a travaillé pendant l'heure du déjeuner

(b) (resolve)

∎ he worked through his emotional problems il a réussi à assumer ses problèmes affectifs

➲ work up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (stir up, rouse) exciter, provoquer;

∎ he worked up the crowd il a excité la foule;

∎ he worked the crowd up into a frenzy il a rendu la foule frénétique;

∎ he works himself up or he gets himself worked up over nothing il s'énerve pour rien;

∎ she had worked herself up into a dreadful rage elle s'était mise dans une rage terrible

(b) (develop) développer;

∎ I want to work these ideas up into an article je veux développer ces idées pour en faire un article;

∎ to work up an appetite se mettre en appétit;

∎ we worked up a sweat/a thirst playing tennis jouer au tennis nous a donné chaud/soif;

∎ I can't work up any enthusiasm for this work je n'arrive pas à avoir le moindre enthousiasme pour ce travail;

∎ he tried to work up an interest in the cause il a essayé de s'intéresser à la cause

(c) (idiom)

∎ to work one's way up faire son chemin;

∎ she worked her way up from secretary to managing director elle a commencé comme secrétaire et elle a fait son chemin jusqu'au poste de P-DG;

∎ I worked my way up from nothing je suis parti de rien

2 intransitive verb

(a) (clothing) remonter

(b) (build up)

∎ the film was working up to a climax le film approchait de son point culminant;

∎ things were working up to a crisis une crise se préparait, on était au bord d'une crise;

∎ she's working up to what she wanted to ask elle en vient à ce qu'elle voulait demander;

∎ what are you working up to? où veux-tu en venir?

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > work
3 work *****

[wɜːk]
1. n

1) (gen) lavoro

it's hard work — è un lavoro duro

to be at work (on sth) — lavorare (a qc)

men at work — lavori in corso

it's all in a day's work — è una cosa di ordinaria amministrazione

to get on with one's work — continuare il proprio lavoro

the forces at work — gli elementi che influiscono

work on the new school has begun — sono cominciati i lavori per la nuova scuola

a good piece of work — un buon lavoro

to set sb to work doing sth — mettere qn a fare qc

to set to work (on); start work (on) — mettersi al lavoro (a)

I'm trying to get some work done — sto cercando di lavorare

to make short or quick work of — (sth) sbrigare in fretta, fig, (fam: sb) sistemare subito

2) (employment, job) lavoro

to go to work — andare al lavoro

he's at work today — oggi è al lavoro

to look for work — cercare lavoro

she's looking for work — sta cercando lavoro

to be out of work — essere disoccupato (-a)

to be in work — avere un lavoro

to put or throw sb out of work — licenziare qn

to be off work — essere in congedo

he's off work this week — questa settimana non lavora

he hasn't done a day's work in his life — non ha mai lavorato in vita sua

they have little work experience — hanno poca esperienza lavorativa

3) (product: of writer, musician, scholar) opera

his life's work — il lavoro di tutta la sua vita

he sells a lot of his work — vende molti dei suoi lavori

good works — opere fpl buone

work of art/reference — opera d'arte/di consultazione

the works of Dickens — le opere di Dickens

he's a nasty piece of work fig — è un tipaccio

See:

works

2. vt

1) (students, employees) far lavorare

to work sb hard — far lavorare molto qn

to work o.s. to death — ammazzarsi di lavoro

2) (operate) azionare

can you work the photocopier? — sai usare la fotocopiatrice?

I can't work the video — non riesco a far funzionare il videoregistratore

it is worked by electricity — va a corrente

3) (miracle) fare, (change) operare

to work wonders — fare miracoli

she managed to work her promotion — è riuscita a garantirsi la promozione

they worked it so that she could come fam — hanno fatto in modo che potesse venire

to work sth into a speech — far scivolare qc in un discorso

to work one's passage on a ship — pagarsi il viaggio su una nave lavorando (a bordo della stessa)

to work one's way through college — lavorare per pagarsi gli studi

to work one's way along sth — avanzare lentamente lungo qc

to work one's hands free — riuscire a liberarsi le mani

to work sth loose — far smollare qc

to work one's way through a book — leggersi pazientemente un libro

he worked his way up from the factory floor — ha cominciato come umile operaio

to work one's way up to the top of a company — farsi strada fino al vertice di una società

to work o.s. into a rage — andare in bestia

4) (shape: metal, dough, clay, wood) lavorare, (exploit: mine) sfruttare, (land) coltivare, (Sewing: design) ricamare

worked by hand — lavorato (-a) a mano

3. vi

1) lavorare

to work towards/for sth — lavorare in vista di/per qc

to work hard — lavorare sodo

they are working hard — lavorano sodo

to work at or on sth — (essay, project) lavorare su qc

she works in a shop — lavora in un negozio

she's working at her desk — sta lavorando alla scrivania

to work to rule Industry — fare uno sciopero bianco

to work like a Trojan — lavorare come un (-a) pazzo (-a)

2) (machine, plan, brain) funzionare, (drug, medicine) fare effetto

to get sth working — far funzionare qc

it works off the mains — funziona a corrente

the heating isn't working — il riscaldamento non funziona

my plan worked perfectly — il mio piano ha funzionato a meraviglia

it works both ways fig — funziona nei due sensi

3) (mouth, face, jaws) contrarsi

her mouth worked in her sleep — le si muoveva la bocca nel sonno

4) (move gradually) muoversi pian piano

to work loose — (screw) allentarsi

he worked slowly along the cliff — avanzava lentamente lungo la scogliera

to work round to a question — formulare una domanda dopo averci girato intorno

•

- work in

- work off

- work on

- work out

- work over

- work up

- work up to

English-Italian dictionary > work *****
4 work

1. n работа, труд; дело; деятельность

difficult work — трудная работа

work horse — рабочая лошадь

work clothes — рабочая одежда; спецодежда

right to work — право на труд

to do no work — ничего не делать; не трудиться

to set to work — приняться за дело, начать работать

he does not go about his work in the right way — он не с того конца берётся за дело

he is not fond of work — он не любит трудиться

he is fond of his work — он любит своё дело

I have work to do — я занят, мне некогда

I have some work to do in the garden — мне нужно кое-что сделать в саду

out of work — безработный

to set a machine to work — включить станок

God's work — дело Божье

hand work — ручной труд

wicked work — злое дело

work hours — часы работы

work pace — темпы работы

2. n место работы; занятие; должность

at work — на работе

what time do you get to work? — когда вы приходите на работу?

to be head over ears in work — быть по горло занятым работой

logistics work — работа материально-технического обеспечения

field work — полевая съёмка, работа в поле; разведка, съёмка

developmental work — исследовательско-конструкторская работа

design and exploration work — проектно-изыскательские работы

3. n вид деятельности

agricultural work — сельскохозяйственные работы

construction work — строительные работы

a tornado of work — демон деятельности

judicial work — судебная деятельность

side work — побочная деятельность

4. n результат труда; изделие, продукт

bad work — брак

maximum work output — максимальная производительность труда

product development work — разработка конструкции изделия

donkey work — ишачий труд, большая и неблагодарная работа

shop work — механизированный труд; работа с механизмами

equal pay for equal work — равная оплата за равный труд

5. n произведение, творение, создание; труд, сочинение

a work of art — произведение искусства

works of Shakespeare — произведения Шекспира

a learned work — научный труд

work of genius — гениальный труд

collected works — собрание сочинений

selected works — избранные произведения

manual work — ручной труд

work hygiene — гигиена труда

input of work — затрата труда

health at work — гигиена труда

right to work — право на труд

6. n действие, поступок

dirty work — грязное дело; низкий поступок

work range — радиус действия

work procedure — порядок действий при работе

antisabotage work — действия против диверсионных групп

7. n дела, деяния

works of mercy — благотворительность

paint work — малярное дело

gauge work — лекальное дело

foundry work — литейное дело

blasting work — взрывное дело

painter's work — малярное дело

8. n результат воздействия, усилий

the broken window must be the work of the boys — разбитое окно — это дело рук мальчишек

measurement-based work — обработка по результатам послеоперационного контроля

9. n рукоделие; шитьё; вышивание; вязание

fancy work — художественная вышивка

crochet work — вязание крючком

10. n обработка

hot work — горячая обработка

work on a workpiece — обработка заготовки

between-centers work — обработка в центрах

multisided work — многосторонняя обработка

exquisite detail work — детальная обработка

point-to-point work — позиционная обработка

11. n предмет обработки; обрабатываемая заготовка; обрабатываемая деталь

work stock — заготовка

back work — обработка торца

graphic work — чертеж детали

work tray — лоток для деталей

bar work — прутковая заготовка

12. n диал. боль

пена при брожении; брожение

13. n сл. краплёная кость

all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy

14. v работать, трудиться

to work at a question — разрабатывать вопрос

the noise interferes with my work — шум не даёт мне работать

be apparently likes this work — ему явно нравится эта работа

he had a distaste for such work — такая работа ему претила

design and development work — опытно-конструкторская работа

double-shift work — работа в две смены, двухсменная работа

15. v работать по найму; служить

he works in a factory — он работает на заводе

in-cycle work — работа за время цикла

missionary work — миссионерская работа

monotonous work — однообразная работа

significant work — значительная работа

single-shift work — односменная работа

16. v заставлять работать

she works her servants too hard — она совсем загоняла прислугу

company work — работа, которой можно заниматься в компании

arrears of work — недоделанная работа; отставание в работе

to work for the general welfare — работать на общее благо

the work entails expense — эта работа связана с расходами

photoelectric work function — работа выхода фотоэлектрона

17. v действовать, работать; быть в исправности

the pump will not work — насос не работает

work overtime — работать сверхурочно

persevering work — настойчивая работа

work in progress — выполняемая работа

yard work — маневровая работа в парке

clever piece of work — искусная работа

18. v приводить в движение или в действие

to work a ship — управлять судном

to work a typewriter — печатать на машинке

computer work scheduling — планирование с помощью ЭВМ

work trajectory — траектория движения при обработке

out-cycle work — работа вне машинного цикла

work traffic — управлять движением

work aperture — зев рабочей зоны

19. v двигаться, быть в движении; шевелиться

waves worked to and fro — волны метались

conscience was working within him — в нём зашевелилась совесть

be out of work — быть без работы

off-farm work — работа вне фермы

be pressed with work — быть перегруженным работой

to be pressed with work — быть перегруженным работой

to be absent from work — не быть на работе; прогулять

20. v действовать, оказывать воздействие

the medicine did not work — лекарство не подействовало

work upon — оказывать влияние на

work back — действовать в обратном порядке

work on — воздействовать, оказывать влияние; убеждать

21. v обрабатывать; разрабатывать

to work farmland — обрабатывать землю

to work a quarry — разрабатывать карьер

to work dough — месить тесто

to work butter — сбивать масло

work out an agreement — разрабатывать соглашение

work iron — ковать железо; обрабатывать железо

work a vessel — обрабатывать судно

22. v поддаваться обработке, воздействию

butter works more easily in this weather — в такую погоду масло сбивается легче

rotating tool-type work — обработка вращающимся инструментом

off-center work — внецентровая обработка со смещением от оси

short stroke work — обработка на коротком рабочем ходу

work sequence — последовательность обработки деталей

small section work — обработка детали малого сечения

23. v отрабатывать, платить трудом

socially necessary work — общественно необходимый труд

health and safety at work act — закон об охране труда

work paid by the hour — повременная оплата труда

socially useful work — общественно полезный труд

mental work — умственная работа, умственный труд

24. v разг. использовать

25. v добиваться обманным путём; вымогать, выманивать

he worked the management for a ticket — он ухитрился получить билет у администрации

work out — высчитать, вычислить, определить путём вычисления

26. v устраивать

27. v заниматься рукоделием; шить; вышивать; вязать

to work a design on linen — вышивать узор на полотне

to work out a problem — решить задачу

Синонимический ряд:

1. accomplishment (noun) accomplishment; achievement; deed; feat; fruit; performance; product

2. bullwork (noun) bullwork; chore; donkeywork; drudge; drudgery; exertion; grind; labor; labour; moil; plugging; slavery; slogging; sweat; toil; travail

3. businesses (noun) businesses; callings; employments; jobs; lines; occupations; pursuits

4. enterprise (noun) enterprise; project; responsibility; task; undertaking

5. piece (noun) composition; piece; production

6. profession (noun) business; calling; employment; industry; job; line; metier; occupation; profession; pursuit; trade; vocation

7. volume (noun) opus; publication; title; volume

8. workmanship (noun) craftsmanship; workmanship

9. accomplish (verb) accomplish; achieve; bring about; cause; do; effect; produce

10. act (verb) act; behave; perform; react; take

11. drive (verb) drive; drudge; fag; force; labor; labour; moil; push; slave; strain; strive; sweat; task; tax; toil; travail; tug

12. form (verb) execute; fashion; finish; form; make

13. influence (verb) influence; move; persuade

14. operate (verb) control; function; go; handle; knead; manage; manipulate; operate; run; use

15. solve (verb) fix; resolve; solve; work out

16. tend (verb) cultivate; culture; dress; plow; tend; till

Антонимический ряд:

effortlessness; frustration; idle; idleness; indolence; inertia; leisure; miscarriage; recreation; rest; unemployment

English-Russian base dictionary > work
5 pin

pin [pɪn]

épingle ⇒ 1 (a) punaise ⇒ 1 (a) broche ⇒ 1 (b), 1 (e), 1 (f) cheville ⇒ 1 (d) épingler ⇒ 2 (a) punaiser ⇒ 2 (a) immobiliser ⇒ 2 (b) cheviller ⇒ 2 (c)

(pt & pp pinned, cont pinning)

1 noun

(a) (for sewing, fastening) épingle f; (drawing pin) punaise f; (hairpin) épingle f à cheveux;

∎ she took a pin from her hair elle enleva une épingle de ses cheveux;

∎ you could have heard a pin drop on aurait entendu voler une mouche;

∎ as bright or clean as a new pin propre comme un sou neuf;

∎ for two pins I'd let the whole thing drop il ne faudrait pas beaucoup me pousser pour que je laisse tout tomber;

∎ he doesn't care two pins about it il s'en moque complètement

(b) American (brooch) broche f; (badge) insigne m

(c) familiar

∎ pins (legs) cannes fpl, guibolles fpl, gambettes fpl;

∎ he's a bit unsteady on his pins il ne tient pas bien sur ses guibolles

(d) (peg → in piano, violin) cheville f; (→ in hinge, pulley) goujon m; (→ in hand grenade) goupille f;

∎ (firing) pin percuteur m;

∎ American familiar to pull the pin on sth mettre un terme à qch^□

(e) Electricity (on plug) broche f;

∎ two-pin plug prise f à deux broches

(f) Medicine (for broken bone) broche f

(g) (in skittles, bowling) quille f

(h) (in wrestling → gen) prise f; (→ with shoulders on floor) tombé m

(i) Chess clouage m

(j) Golf drapeau m

2 transitive verb

(a) (attach → with pin or pins) épingler; (→ with drawing pin or pins) punaiser;

∎ she had a brooch pinned to her jacket elle portait une broche épinglée à sa veste;

∎ there was a sign pinned to the door un écriteau était punaisé sur la porte;

∎ figurative to pin one's hopes on sb/sth mettre tous ses espoirs dans qn/qch;

∎ to pin one's faith on sb placer sa foi en qn;

∎ the crime was pinned on James c'est James qu'on a accusé du délit, on a mis le délit sur le dos de James;

∎ they pinned the blame on the shop assistant ils ont rejeté la responsabilité sur la vendeuse, ils ont mis ça sur le dos de la vendeuse;

∎ you can't pin this on me tu ne peux pas me mettre ça sur le dos

(b) (immobilize) immobiliser, coincer;

∎ they pinned his arms behind his back ils lui ont coincé les bras derrière le dos;

∎ to pin sb to the ground/against a wall clouer qn au sol/contre un mur;

∎ she was pinned under a boulder elle était coincée ou bloquée sous un rocher

(c) Technology cheviller, goupiller, mettre une goupille à

(d) Building industry (wall) étayer, étançonner

(e) Chess clouer

►► Ornithology pin feather plume f naissante, sicot m;

pin money argent m de poche;

∎ she works at weekends to earn a bit of pin money elle travaille le week-end pour se faire un peu d'argent pour ses menus plaisirs;

familiar pins and needles fourmillements^□ mpl;

∎ I've got pins and needles in my arm j'ai des fourmis dans le bras^□, je ne sens plus mon bras;

∎ American to be on pins and needles trépigner d'impatience^□, ronger son frein^□ ;

Sewing pin tuck nervure f;

pin wheel (on printer) roue f à picots

➲ pin back separable transitive verb

familiar

∎ pin back your ears! ouvrez vos oreilles!, écoutez bien!^□

➲ pin down separable transitive verb

(a) (with pin or pins) fixer avec une épingle/des épingles; (with drawing pin or pins) fixer avec une punaise/des punaises

(b) (trap) coincer;

∎ his legs were pinned down by the fallen tree ses jambes étaient coincées sous l'arbre;

∎ he had me pinned down il m'avait coincé;

∎ pinned down by enemy fire coincé par le feu de l'ennemi

(c) (define clearly → difference, meaning) mettre le doigt sur, cerner avec précision;

∎ a feeling that's difficult to pin down un sentiment qu'il est difficile d'isoler ou d'identifier;

∎ it's difficult to pin it down c'est difficile de mettre le doigt dessus

(d) (commit) amener à se décider;

∎ try to pin her down to a definite schedule essayez d'obtenir d'elle un planning définitif;

∎ he doesn't want to be pinned down il veut avoir les coudées franches, il tient à garder sa liberté de manœuvre

➲ pin together separable transitive verb

épingler, attacher avec une épingle/des épingles

➲ pin up separable transitive verb

(a) (poster) punaiser; (results, names) afficher

(b) (hem) épingler; (hair) relever (avec des épingles);

∎ she wears her hair pinned up elle porte ses cheveux relevés en chignon

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > pin
6 shift

shift [ʃɪft]

1 noun

(a) (change) changement m;

∎ a shift in position/opinion un changement de position/d'avis;

∎ there was a sudden shift in public opinion/the situation il y a eu un revirement d'opinion/de situation;

∎ there was a light shift in the wind le vent a légèrement tourné;

∎ Politics a shift to the right/left un glissement à droite/gauche;

∎ Linguistics a shift in meaning un glissement de sens;

∎ Linguistics consonant/vowel shift mutation f consonantique/vocalique;

∎ Astronomy blue/red shift décalage m vers le bleu/rouge

(b) (move) déplacement m;

∎ there's been a shift of population towards the towns on a assisté à un déplacement de la population vers les villes;

∎ British familiar get a shift on! grouille-toi!, magne-toi!

(c) Industry (work period) poste m; (group of workers) équipe f, brigade f;

∎ what shift are you on this week? à quel poste avez-vous été affecté cette semaine?;

∎ I'm on the night/morning shift je suis dans l'équipe de nuit/du matin;

∎ she works long shifts elle fait de longues heures;

∎ he's on eight-hour shifts il fait les trois-huit;

∎ to work shifts, to be on shifts travailler en équipe, faire les trois-huit;

∎ when does or do the morning shift arrive? à quelle heure arrive l'équipe du matin?

(d) (turn, relay) relais m;

∎ to do sth in shifts se relayer;

∎ there was a lot of work so they did it in shifts comme il y avait beaucoup de travail, ils se sont relayés (pour le faire);

∎ I'm exhausted, can you take a shift at the wheel? je suis épuisé, peux-tu me relayer au volant?

(e) American Cars

∎ (gear) shift (lever) levier m de (changement de) vitesse; (action) changement m de vitesse

(f) old-fashioned (expedient) expédient m;

∎ to make shift with sth se contenter de qch

(g) (dress) (robe f) fourreau m; old-fashioned (woman's slip) combinaison f

(h) Computing (in word processing, telegraphy etc) touche f majuscule; (in arithmetical operation) décalage m;

∎ press shift appuyer sur la touche majuscule;

∎ an asterisk is shift 8 pour l'astérisque, il faut appuyer simultanément sur la touche majuscule et la touche 8

2 transitive verb

(a) (move → object) déplacer, bouger; (→ part of body) bouger, remuer; Theatre (scenery) changer;

∎ it took three strong men to shift the wardrobe il a fallu trois hommes forts pour déplacer l'armoire;

∎ help me shift the bed nearer the window aide-moi à rapprocher le lit de ou pousser le lit vers la fenêtre;

∎ the drawer's stuck, I can't shift it le tiroir est coincé, je ne peux le faire bouger;

∎ familiar shift yourself! (move) pousse-toi!, bouge-toi!; (hurry) remue-toi!, grouille-toi!;

∎ he's got a job shifting scenery il a trouvé du travail comme machiniste

(b) (transfer → employee) (to new job, place of work) muter; (to new department) affecter; (→ blame, responsibility) rejeter;

∎ they've shifted offices again ils ont déménagé de nouveau;

∎ he keeps getting shifted to a different job on n'arrête pas de le muter;

∎ they're trying to shift the blame onto me ils essaient de rejeter la responsabilité sur moi;

∎ we're trying to shift the balance towards exports nous essayons de mettre l'accent sur les exportations;

∎ the latest developments have shifted attention away from this area les événements récents ont détourné l'attention de cette région;

∎ they won't be shifted from their opinion impossible de les faire changer d'avis;

∎ to shift ground or one's position changer de position

(c) (remove → stain) enlever, faire partir

(d) American

∎ to shift gears changer de vitesse

(e) familiar (sell) écouler^□, fourguer;

∎ how can we shift this old stock? comment écouler ou nous débarrasser de ces vieilles marchandises?

(f) familiar (eat, drink) s'envoyer;

∎ hurry up and shift that pint! dépêche-toi d'écluser ta pinte!

3 intransitive verb

(a) (move) se déplacer, bouger;

∎ the cargo has shifted in the hold la cargaison s'est déplacée dans la cale;

∎ the table won't shift, it's bolted to the floor on ne peut pas bouger la table, elle est fixée au sol;

∎ the anticyclone is expected to shift eastwards l'anticyclone devrait se déplacer vers l'est;

∎ she kept shifting from one foot to the other elle n'arrêtait pas de se balancer d'un pied sur l'autre;

∎ could you shift? (out of the way) pouvez-vous dégager?

(b) (change, switch → gen) changer; (→ wind) tourner;

∎ their policy has shifted over the last week leur politique a changé ou s'est modifiée au cours de la semaine;

∎ Theatre the scene shifts la scène change;

∎ in the second act the scene shifts to Venice dans le deuxième acte, l'action se déroule à Venise;

∎ he wouldn't shift (in negotiations etc) il est resté ferme sur ses positions;

∎ American Cars to shift into fourth (gear) passer en quatrième (vitesse)

(c) British familiar (move quickly) foncer;

∎ he was really shifting il fonçait carrément;

∎ this car can really shift! cette voiture est un vrai bolide!

(d) (manage)

∎ to shift for oneself se débrouiller tout seul;

∎ he's had to learn to shift for himself since his wife left il a dû apprendre à se débrouiller tout seul depuis le départ de sa femme;

∎ she can or knows how to shift for herself elle est débrouillarde

(e) (stain) partir, s'enlever;

∎ this stain won't shift cette tache ne veut pas partir

(f) British familiar (sell) se vendre^□ ;

∎ those TVs just aren't shifting at all ces télévisions ne se vendent pas du tout

►► Computing shift key touche f majuscule;

Computing shift lock touche f de blocage des majuscules;

American Cars shift stick levier m de (changement de) vitesse, French Canadian bras m de vitesse;

shift work travail m en équipe;

∎ she does shift work elle fait les trois-huit;

shift worker = personne qui fait les trois-huit

➲ shift over, shift up intransitive verb

familiar se pousser^□, se déplacer^□ ;

∎ can you shift over or up a bit? tu peux te pousser un peu?

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > shift
7 department

department [dɪ'pɑ:tmənt]

noun

(a) Administration & Politics (division) département m; (ministry) ministère m;

∎ she works in the housing department elle travaille au ministère du Logement

(b) (in company, organization) service m;

∎ the sales/personnel department le service commercial/du personnel;

∎ the complaints department le service des réclamations

(c) (field, responsibility) domaine m;

∎ recruiting staff is not my department le recrutement du personnel n'est pas mon domaine ou de mon ressort;

∎ figurative cooking's not really my department la cuisine n'est pas vraiment mon domaine ou ma spécialité

(d) (in shop) rayon m;

∎ the toy department le rayon des jouets

(e) (in university) département m;

∎ the French/maths department (at school) = ensemble des professeurs de français/de mathématique d'un établissement d'enseignement secondaire sous la responsabilité de l'un d'entre eux

(f) Geography département m

►► British Department of Culture, Media and Sport ministère m de la culture, de la communication et des sports;

American Department of Defense ministère m de la Défense;

British Department of Education and Employment = ministère britannique de l'Éducation et de l'Emploi;

American Department of Education ministère m de l'Éducation nationale;

American Department of Energy = ministère américain de l'Énergie;

British formerly Department of the Environment ministère m de l'environnement;

British Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions = Ministère britannique de l'Environnement, des Transports et des Régions;

British Department of Health ministère m de la Santé;

American formerly Department of Health, Education and Welfare = ancien ministère américain de l'Éducation et de la Santé publique;

American Department of Health and Human Services ministère m de la Santé;

American formerly Department of Housing and Urban Development ministère m du logement et de la ville;

British Department for International Development = secrétariat d'État à la Coopération;

American Department of the Interior = ministère de l'Intérieur;

American Department of Justice ministère m de la Justice;

American Department of Labor = ministère de l'Emploi et de la Solidarité;

American Department of Motor Vehicles = service des immatriculations et des permis de conduire aux États-Unis;

British Department of National Heritage ≃ ministère m du patrimoine national;

British Department of Public Works ≃ ministère m de l'Équipement;

British Department of Social Security ≃ ministère m des Affaires sociales;

American Department of State Département m d'État, ≃ ministère m des Affaires étrangères;

department store grand magasin m;

American Department of Trade ministère m du commerce;

British Department of Trade and Industry ministère m du commerce et de l'industrie;

British Department of Transport, American Department of Transportation ministère m des Transports

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > department
8 publishing

publishing ['pʌblɪʃɪŋ]

noun

(a) (industry) édition f;

∎ she's or she works in publishing elle travaille dans l'édition;

∎ a publishing giant un géant de l'édition;

∎ a publishing empire un empire de l'édition

(b) (of book, journal) publication f

►► publishing company maison f d'édition;

publishing house maison f d'édition

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > publishing
9 oil

oil [ɔɪl]

1 noun

(a) (petroleum) pétrole m;

∎ to drill for oil effectuer des forages pour trouver du pétrole

(b) (in food, as lubricant) huile f; (as fuel) mazout m, fuel m ou fioul m domestique;

∎ sardines in oil sardines fpl à l'huile;

∎ Cars to change the oil faire la vidange;

∎ lubricating oil huile f lubrifiante;

∎ oil of lavender/turpentine essence f de lavande/de térébenthine;

∎ figurative to pour oil on troubled waters ramener le calme

(c) Art (paint) (peinture f à l') huile f; (picture) huile f;

∎ a portrait in oils un portrait (peint) à l'huile;

∎ she works in oils elle travaille avec de la peinture à l'huile

2 compound-forming noun

(a) (industry, production, corporation) pétrolier; (deposit, reserves) de pétrole; (magnate, sheikh) du pétrole

(b) (level, pressure) d'huile; (filter) à huile; (heating, burner) à mazout

3 transitive verb

(machine, engine) lubrifier, graisser; (hinge, wood, skin) huiler;

∎ figurative it will help to oil the wheels cela facilitera les choses, cela mettra de l'huile dans les rouages

4 oils plural noun

Stock Exchange (valeurs fpl) pétrolières fpl

►► oil bath bain m d'huile;

oil cake tourteau m (pour bétail);

oil change vidange f;

oil cooling refroidissement m par huile;

oil crisis choc m pétrolier;

oil drum bidon m à pétrole;

oil gland glande f uropygienne;

oil gauge (for measuring level) jauge f ou indicateur m de niveau d'huile; (for measuring pressure) indicateur m de pression d'huile;

oil kingdom pétromonarchie f;

oil lamp (burning oil) lampe f à huile; (burning paraffin) lampe f à pétrole;

oil paint peinture f à l'huile (substance);

oil painting peinture f à l'huile;

∎ British familiar he's no oil painting ce n'est pas une beauté;

oil palm éléis m;

American Cars oil pan carter m;

oil pressure switch manocontact m d'huile;

oil pressure warning light témoin m d'alerte de pression d'huile moteur;

oil prices prix mpl pétroliers;

oil refinery raffinerie f de pétrole;

oil rig (onshore) derrick m; (offshore) plate-forme f pétrolière;

Finance oil royalty redevance f pétrolière;

oil shale schiste m bitumineux;

oil slick (on sea) nappe f de pétrole; (on beach) marée f noire;

oil spill (event) marée f noire; (result) nappe f de pétrole;

British oil stove (using fuel oil) poêle m à mazout; (using paraffin, kerosene) réchaud m à pétrole;

oil sump carter m d'huile;

oil tanker (ship) pétrolier m, tanker m; (lorry) camion-citerne m (pour le pétrole);

oil temperature gauge indicateur m de température d'huile;

oil terminal terminal m (pétrolier);

oil well puits m de pétrole

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > oil
10 long

I
1. loŋ adjective
1) (measuring a great distance from one end to the other: a long journey; a long road; long legs.) largo

2) (having a great period of time from the first moment to the last: The book took a long time to read; a long conversation; a long delay.) largo

3) (measuring a certain amount in distance or time: The wire is two centimetres long; The television programme was just over an hour long.) de largo, de duración

4) (away, doing or using something etc for a great period of time: Will you be long?) tarde

5) (reaching to a great distance in space or time: She has a long memory) bueno

2. adverb
1) (a great period of time: This happened long before you were born.) mucho tiempo

2) (for a great period of time: Have you been waiting long?) mucho tiempo

•

- longways
- long-distance
- long-drawn-out
- longhand
- long house
- long jump
- long-playing record
- long-range
- long-sighted
- long-sightedness
- long-suffering
- long-winded
- as long as / so long as
- before very long
- before long
- in the long run
- the long and the short of it
- no longer
- so long!
II loŋ verb
((often with for) to wish very much: He longed to go home; I am longing for a drink.) anhelar, ansiar

- longing
- longingly

long¹ adj largo

she has long nails tiene las uñas largas

a long journey un largo viaje

the pool is 50 metres long la piscina hace 50 metros de largo

a long time mucho tiempo

it takes a long time to climb the mountain se tarda mucho en escalar la montaña

a long way lejos

long² adv

1. mucho tiempo

Goya died long ago Goya murió hace mucho tiempo

I won't be long no tardaré mucho

have you been waiting long? ¿hace mucho que esperas?

2. ya

he couldn't wait any longer and he left ya no podía esperar más y se marchó

she doesn't work here any longer ya no trabaja aquí

as long as / so long as con tal de que

I'll tell you the secret as long as you tell nobody else te diré el secreto con tal de que no se lo digas a nadie más

how long? ¿cuánto tiempo?

how long does it take you to do your homework? ¿cuánto tardas en hacer los deberes?

how long have you lived here? ¿cuánto hace que vives aquí?

long³ vb ansiar / desear

I'm longing to see you again estoy deseando volver a verte

long

tr['lɒŋgɪtjʊːd]

abbreviation

1 ( longitude) longitud nombre femenino; (abbreviation) long

————————

long

tr[lɒŋ]

adjective

1 largo,-a

■ how long was the film? ¿cuánto duró la película?

■ the garden is 30 metres long el jardín hace 30 metros de largo

■ we were a long way from the beach estábamos lejos de la playa

■ it took him a long time to finish tardó mucho en acabar

adverb

1 mucho tiempo

■ how long have you been waiting? ¿cuánto hace que esperas?

■ it wasn't long before they returned no tardaron en volver

noun

1 lo largo

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

as long as (while) mientras 2 (if) si, con tal que

(for) a long time, for long mucho tiempo

in the long run a la larga

long ago hace mucho tiempo

no longer / not any longer ya no

■ he doesn't live here any longer ya no vive aquí

not by a long chalk / not by a long shot familiar ni por mucho, ni de lejos

so long SMALLAMERICAN ENGLISH/SMALL familiar (goodbye) hasta la vista

so long as→ link=as as{ long as

the long and the short of it is... en resumidas cuentas...

to be a bit long in the tooth familiar tener años

to pull a long face poner cara larga

long jump salto de longitud

long johns calzones nombre masculino plural largos

long ton tonelada (equivale a 2240 libras o 1016,047 kilogramos)

long vacation SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL vacaciones nombre femenino plural de verano

long wave onda larga

————————

long

tr[lɒŋ]

phrase to long to do STH

1 tener muchos deseos de hacer algo

■ he's longing to see you tiene muchas ganas de verte

long ['lɔŋ] vi

1)

to long for : añorar, desear, anhelar

2)

to long to : anhelar, estar deseando

they longed to see her: estaban deseando verla, tenían muchas ganas de verla

long adv

1) : mucho, mucho tiempo

it didn't take long: no llevó mucho tiempo

will it last long?: ¿va a durar mucho?

2)

all day long : todo el día

3)

as long asor so long as : mientras, con tal que

4)

long before : mucho antes

5)

so long! : ¡hasta luego!, ¡adiós!

long adj, longer ['lɔngər] ; longest ['lɔŋgəst]

1) (indicating length)) : largo

the dress is too long: el vestido es demasiado largo

a long way from: bastante lejos de

in the long run: a la larga

2) (indicating time)) : largo, prolongado

a long illness: una enfermedad prolongada

a long walk: un paseo largo

at long last: por fin

3)

to be long on : estar cargado de

long n

1)

before long : dentro de poco

2)

the long and the short : lo esencial, lo fundamental

long

adj.

• extenso, -a adj.

• largo, -a adj.

• luengo, -a adj.

• prolongado, -a adj.

adv.

• largamente adv.

• mucho tiempo adv.

n.

• mangote s.m.

v.

• anhelar v.

• suspirar v.

I lɔːŋ, lɒŋ
adjective longer 'lɔːŋgər, 'lɒŋgə(r), longest 'lɔːŋgəst, 'lɒŋgɪst

1)

a) ( in space) <distance/hair/legs> largo

how long do you want the skirt? — ¿cómo quieres la falda de larga?

the wall is 200 m long — el muro mide 200 m de largo

it's a long way to Tulsa from here — Tulsa queda bastante lejos de aquí

a long drink — un trago largo

the long and the short of it: the long and the short of it is that we have no money — en resumidas cuentas or en una palabra: no tenemos dinero

b) ( extensive) <book/letter/list> largo

the book is over 300 pages long — el libro tiene más de 300 páginas

2) ( in time) <struggle/investigation> largo; <period/illness> prolongado, largo

how long was your flight? — ¿cuánto duró el vuelo?

two months isn't long enough — dos meses no son suficientes or no es tiempo suficiente

she's been gone a long time/while — hace tiempo/rato que se fue

he works long hours — trabaja muchas horas

II

adverb -er, -est

1) ( in time)

are you going to stay long — ¿te vas a quedar mucho tiempo?

how much longer must we wait? — ¿hasta cuándo vamos a tener que esperar?

how long did it take you to get there? — ¿cuánto tardaste en llegar?, ¿cuánto tiempo te llevó el viaje?

how long have you been living here? — ¿cuánto hace que vives aquí?

I didn't have long enough to answer all the questions — no me alcanzó el tiempo para contestar todas las preguntas

people live longer now — ahora la gente vive más (años)

it won't be long before they get here — no tardarán en llegar

sit down, I won't be long — siéntate, enseguida vuelvo (or termino etc)

all day long — todo el día

not long afterwards — poco después

long ago — hace (ya) mucho tiempo

it has long since been lost — lleva perdido desde hace tiempo

not long ago o since — no hace mucho

a long forgotten hero — un héroe olvidado desde hace tiempo

2)

a) (in phrases)

before long: you'll be an aunt before long dentro de poco serás tía; before long they had bought more offices poco después ya habían comprado más oficinas; for long: she wasn't gone for long no estuvo fuera mucho tiempo; no longer, not any longer: I can't stand it any longer ya no aguanto más; they no longer live here — ya no viven aquí

b)

as long as, so long as — (as conj) ( for the period) mientras; ( providing that) con tal de que (+ subj), siempre que (+ subj)

I'll remember it as o so long as I live — lo recordaré mientras viva

for as long as I can remember — desde que tengo memoria

you can go so o as long as you're back by 12 — puedes ir con tal de que or siempre que vuelvas antes de las 12

III

intransitive verb

to long to + INF — estar* deseando + inf, anhelar + inf (liter)

Phrasal Verbs:

- long for

IV

(= longitude) Long

I [lɒŋ] (compar longer) (superl longest)
1. ADJ

1) (in size) [dress, hair, journey] largo

it's six metres long — tiene seis metros de largo

it's a very long book — es un libro muy largo

he has long legs — tiene las piernas largas

• it's a long distance from the school — está (muy) lejos del colegio

• to make or pull a long face — poner cara larga

• to get longer — [queue] hacerse más largo; [hair] crecer (más)

• how long is it? — (table, hallway, piece of material, stick) ¿cuánto mide de largo?; (more precisely) ¿qué longitud tiene?; (river) ¿qué longitud tiene?

how long is her hair? — ¿cómo tiene el pelo de largo?

• to be long in the leg — [trousers] tener piernas largas

• the speech was long on rhetoric and short on details — el discurso tenía mucha retórica y pocos detalles

- the long arm of the law

- a list as long as your arm

- not by a long chalk

- he's a bit long in the tooth
suit 1., 3)
2) (in distance)

it's a long way — está lejos

it's a long way to the shops — las tiendas están lejos

we walked a long way — caminamos mucho

3) (in time) [film] largo; [visit] prolongado; [wait] largo, prolongado

two hours long — de dos horas

the course is six months long — el curso es de seis meses, el curso dura seis meses

a long walk — un paseo largo

a long holiday — unas vacaciones largas

• it has been a long day — (fig) ha sido un día muy atareado

• there will be long delays — habrá grandes retrasos, habrá retrasos considerables

• he took a long drink of water — se bebió un vaso grande de agua

• the days are getting longer — los días se están alargando

• how long is the film? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) dura la película?

how long are the holidays? — ¿cuánto duran las vacaciones?

• to be long in doing sth — tardar en hacer algo

the reply was not long in coming — la respuesta no tardó en llegar

• it will be a long job — será un trabajo que llevará mucho tiempo

• at long last — por fin

• to take a long look at sth — mirar algo detenidamente

• he has a long memory — (fig) es de los que no perdonan fácilmente

• in the long run — (fig) a la larga

• a long time ago — hace mucho tiempo

it takes a long time — lleva mucho tiempo

I've been waiting a long time — llevo esperando mucho tiempo

long time no see! * — ¡cuánto tiempo sin verte!

• it's a good place to go for a long weekend — es un buen sitio para ir durante un fin de semana largo

- he's not long for this world
term 1., 1), long-term, view 1., 5)
4) (Ling) [vowel] largo

2. ADV

1) (=a long time)

don't be long! — ¡vuelve pronto!

I shan't be long — (in finishing) termino pronto, no tardo; (in returning) vuelvo pronto, no tardo

will you be long? — ¿vas a tardar mucho?

we didn't stay long — nos quedamos poco tiempo

he hasn't been gone long — no hace mucho que se ha ido

have you been waiting long? — ¿hace mucho que espera?

I have long believed that... — creo desde hace tiempo que..., hace tiempo que creo que...

this method has long been used in industry — este método se viene usando desde hace mucho tiempo en la industria

• long after he died — mucho tiempo después de morir

he died long after his wife — murió mucho tiempo después que su mujer

• long ago — hace mucho (tiempo)

how long ago was it? — ¿cuánto tiempo hace de eso?

as long ago as 1930 — ya en 1930

not long ago — no hace mucho (tiempo)

• long before — mucho antes

not long before — poco antes

long before now — hace mucho tiempo

long before you came — mucho antes de que llegaras

not long before the war — poco antes de la guerra

not long before his wife died — poco antes de que muriera su mujer

they left before long — se marcharon muy pronto

• I only had long enough to buy a paper — solo tuve tiempo para comprar un periódico

• we won't stay for long — nos quedamos un rato nada más

are you going away for long? — ¿te vas para mucho tiempo?

he hesitated, but not for long — dudó, pero solo por un instante

"are you still in London?" - "yes, but not for much longer" — -¿todavía estás en Londres? -si, pero por poco tiempo ya

• how long will you be? — (in finishing) ¿cuánto (tiempo) tardarás?; (in returning) ¿cuánto tiempo te quedarás?

how long have you been here? — ¿cuánto tiempo llevas aquí?

how long will it take? — ¿cuánto tiempo llevará?

how long did he stay? — ¿cuánto tiempo se quedó?

how long have you been learning Spanish? — ¿desde cuándo llevas aprendiendo español?

how long is it since you saw her? — ¿cuánto tiempo hace que no la ves?

• it didn't last long — fue cosa de unos pocos minutos or días etc

• to live long — tener una vida larga

women live longer than men — las mujeres son más longevas que los hombres

he hasn't long to live — no le queda mucho de vida

long live the King! — ¡viva el rey!

• it's not long since he died, he died not long since — no hace mucho que murió, murió hace poco

long since dead — muerto hace mucho

• so long! — (esp US) * ¡hasta luego!

• it won't take long — no tardará mucho

it didn't take him long to realize that... — no tardó en darse cuenta de que...

• he talked long about politics — habló largamente de política

2)

longer — más tiempo

we stayed longer than you — quedamos más tiempo que vosotros

wait a little longer — espera un poco más

how much longer can you stay? — ¿hasta cuándo podéis quedaros?

how much longer do we have to wait? — ¿hasta cuándo tenemos que esperar?

two hours longer — dos horas más

• I can't stay any longer — no me puedo quedar por más tiempo

I can't stand it any longer — ya no lo aguanto más

• no longer — ya no

he no longer comes — ya no viene

3)

longest: six months at the longest — seis meses, como máximo or como mucho

4)

as long as, so long as — (=while) mientras

as long as the war lasts — mientras dure la guerra

as long as I live — mientras viva

stay (for) as long as you like — quédate hasta cuando quieras

as long as (is) necessary — el tiempo que haga falta, lo que haga falta

5)

as long as, so long as — (=provided that) siempre que + subjun

you can borrow it as long as John doesn't mind — lo puedes tomar prestado siempre que a John no le importe or si a John no le importa

6) (=through)

• all day long — todo el (santo) día

• all night long — toda la noche

• all summer long — todo el verano

3. N

1)

the long and the short of it is that... — (fig) en resumidas cuentas, es que..., concretamente, es que...

2) longs (Econ) valores mpl a largo plazo

4.

CPD

long division N — (Math) división f larga

long drink N — refresco m, bebida f no alcohólica

long johns NPL — calzoncillos mpl largos

long jump N — salto m de longitud

long jumper N — saltador(a) m / f de longitud

long shot N — (Cine) toma f a distancia; (in race) desconocido(-a) m / f

it's a long shot * — dudo que resulte

- not by a long shot

long sight N — presbicia f, hipermetropía f

to have long sight — ser présbita

the long term N —

in or over the long term — a largo plazo

long trousers NPL — (as opposed to shorts) pantalones mpl largos

the long vacation N, the long vac * N — (Brit) (Univ) las vacaciones de verano

long wave N — (Rad) onda f larga; (used as adj) de onda larga

II

[lɒŋ]
VI
to long for sth — anhelar algo, desear algo

to long for sb — suspirar por algn, añorar a algn

to long to do sth — tener muchas ganas de hacer algo, estar deseando hacer algo

to long for sb to do sth — desear que algn haga algo

* * *

I [lɔːŋ, lɒŋ]
adjective longer ['lɔːŋgər, 'lɒŋgə(r)], longest ['lɔːŋgəst, 'lɒŋgɪst]

1)

a) ( in space) <distance/hair/legs> largo

how long do you want the skirt? — ¿cómo quieres la falda de larga?

the wall is 200 m long — el muro mide 200 m de largo

it's a long way to Tulsa from here — Tulsa queda bastante lejos de aquí

a long drink — un trago largo

the long and the short of it: the long and the short of it is that we have no money — en resumidas cuentas or en una palabra: no tenemos dinero

b) ( extensive) <book/letter/list> largo

the book is over 300 pages long — el libro tiene más de 300 páginas

2) ( in time) <struggle/investigation> largo; <period/illness> prolongado, largo

how long was your flight? — ¿cuánto duró el vuelo?

two months isn't long enough — dos meses no son suficientes or no es tiempo suficiente

she's been gone a long time/while — hace tiempo/rato que se fue

he works long hours — trabaja muchas horas

II

adverb -er, -est

1) ( in time)

are you going to stay long — ¿te vas a quedar mucho tiempo?

how much longer must we wait? — ¿hasta cuándo vamos a tener que esperar?

how long did it take you to get there? — ¿cuánto tardaste en llegar?, ¿cuánto tiempo te llevó el viaje?

how long have you been living here? — ¿cuánto hace que vives aquí?

I didn't have long enough to answer all the questions — no me alcanzó el tiempo para contestar todas las preguntas

people live longer now — ahora la gente vive más (años)

it won't be long before they get here — no tardarán en llegar

sit down, I won't be long — siéntate, enseguida vuelvo (or termino etc)

all day long — todo el día

not long afterwards — poco después

long ago — hace (ya) mucho tiempo

it has long since been lost — lleva perdido desde hace tiempo

not long ago o since — no hace mucho

a long forgotten hero — un héroe olvidado desde hace tiempo

2)

a) (in phrases)

before long: you'll be an aunt before long dentro de poco serás tía; before long they had bought more offices poco después ya habían comprado más oficinas; for long: she wasn't gone for long no estuvo fuera mucho tiempo; no longer, not any longer: I can't stand it any longer ya no aguanto más; they no longer live here — ya no viven aquí

b)

as long as, so long as — (as conj) ( for the period) mientras; ( providing that) con tal de que (+ subj), siempre que (+ subj)

I'll remember it as o so long as I live — lo recordaré mientras viva

for as long as I can remember — desde que tengo memoria

you can go so o as long as you're back by 12 — puedes ir con tal de que or siempre que vuelvas antes de las 12

III

intransitive verb

to long to + INF — estar* deseando + inf, anhelar + inf (liter)

Phrasal Verbs:

- long for

IV

(= longitude) Long

English-spanish dictionary > long
11 ♦ work

♦ work /wɜ:k/
n.

1 [u] lavoro ( anche econ.); opera ( anche letteraria, ecc.); attività: DIALOGO → - Signing on with an agency- What sort of work are you looking for?, che genere di lavoro sta cercando?; Can you do this work alone?, puoi fare questo lavoro da solo?; a day's work, il lavoro d'una giornata; DIALOGO → - Computer problems- I've lost all this morning's work, ho perso tutto il lavoro di stamattina; to find (o to get) work, trovar lavoro; trovare da lavorare; A teacher does his work mainly at school, l'insegnante svolge la sua attività soprattutto a scuola; to go to work, andare al lavoro: I go to work by bus, vado al lavoro in autobus; My father is at work now, mio padre è al lavoro; ( USA) to be in work, essere in lavorazione; DIALOGO → - Dental fees- Are you in work?, ha un impiego?; to be looking for work, essere in cerca di lavoro; to be out of work, essere disoccupato; to finish work at 2 p.m., smettere di lavorare alle 14; to start work, cominciare a lavorare; to leave work early, uscire prima dal lavoro; to return to work, riprendere il lavoro; a piece of work, un lavoro; un oggetto lavorato: What a wonderful piece of work!, che magnifico lavoro!; to go (o to set) about one's work, mettersi a lavorare; intraprendere il proprio lavoro; to set sb. to work, mettere q. al lavoro; far lavorare q.; dirty work, lavoro pesante; ( anche) attività illegale; hard work, duro lavoro; seasonal work, lavoro stagionale

2 ( arte, letter., mus., ecc.) opera ( anche in senso morale): a fine work of art, una bella opera d'arte; Shakespeare's complete (o collected) works, le opere complete di Shakespeare; works of mercy, opere di bene; atti di carità

3 (pl.) (di solito col verbo al sing.) fabbrica; officina; opificio; stabilimento: The biggest works is outside the town, lo stabilimento più grande è fuori della città; a gas works, un'officina del gas

4 (pl.) meccanismo; ingranaggio; congegno; movimento: The works need to be repaired, bisogna riparare il congegno; the works of a clock ( of a watch), il movimento di un orologio

5 (pl.) opere, lavori (d'ingegneria); (mil.) fortificazioni: public works, opere di pubblica utilità; lavori pubblici; defensive works, opere di difesa; DIALOGO → - Being late- There are road works on the M1 and it's reduced to one lane, ci sono dei lavori sulla M1 e la strada è ridotta a una corsia

6 [u] (fis.) lavoro: to convert energy into work, convertire energia in lavoro

7 (mecc., ind., = workpiece) pezzo (da lavorare): to true up the work, centrare il pezzo

8 (pl.) (fam.; = the full works, the whole work) tutto quanto; armi e bagagli; ogni cosa; ( di cibo) un po' di tutto; il menu completo

9 (pl.) ( slang) tutto l'armamentario (o l'attrezzatura) che serve per drogarsi

● work area, zona lavoro □ (econ.) work by the day, lavoro a giornata; lavoro in economia □ (org. az.) works committee, commissione mista □ (ind.) work cycle, ciclo di lavorazione □ (econ.) work experience, esperienza di lavoro; esperienza professionale □ ( anche comput.) work group, gruppo di lavoro □ work-horse ► workhorse □ (org. az.) work hour, ora lavorativa □ work in hand (o in progress), lavoro in corso □ (sociol.) work-life balance, equilibrio tra lavoro e vita privata; equilibrio vita-lavoro □ (org. az.) work order, ordine (o buono) di lavorazione; commessa □ (leg.) work permit, permesso di lavoro □ work rate, quantità di lavoro; ( sport) mole di gioco svolto □ (econ.) work relief, sostegno all'occupazione □ work sheet, ► worksheet □ (cronot.) work standard, norma □ work station ► workstation □ (econ.) work stoppage, interruzione del lavoro □ (ind.) work study, studio dell'organizzazione del lavoro □ ( USA) work-study scholarship, borsa di studio con lavoro part-time □ work ticket = work order ► sopra □ all in the day's work, tutto regolare; roba d'ordinaria amministrazione □ at work, al lavoro, sul lavoro: safety at work, la sicurezza sul lavoro □ to be at the works, essere in fabbrica; essere in officina □ to be at work upon st., lavorare a qc.; essere occupato a fare qc. □ to have a hand in the work, avere le mani in pasta □ (fam.) to have one's work cut out, avere a mano un lavoro difficile; avere un bel da fare □ Keep up the good work!, bravo! continua così! □ to make short (o quick) work of, sbrigarsi a; sbarazzarsi di, far piazza pulita di: You have made short work of cleaning up the garden, ti sei sbrigato a pulire il giardino; I have made short work of him, mi sono sbarazzato di lui □ to set (o to get) to work, mettersi al lavoro; mettersi all'opera □ sexual discrimination at work, discriminazione sul lavoro in base al sesso; diversità di trattamento fra lavoratori e lavoratrici □ I have done a good day's work, ho fatto un bel po' di lavoro, oggi □ My work is in civil engineering (o as a civil engineer), faccio (di professione) l'ingegnere (civile) □ (prov.) All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy, il troppo lavoro rende noiosi.
NOTA D'USO: - work o job?- ♦ (to) work /wɜ:k/
(pass. e p. p. worked, talora wrought)

A v. i.

1 lavorare; operare; fare un lavoro: I've been working all day, è tutto il giorno che lavoro; He isn't working at present, non sta lavorando ora; ( anche) al momento è senza lavoro (o è disoccupato); to work hard, lavorar sodo; to work alongside sb., lavorare a fianco di q.; The new cook works well, il nuovo cuoco fa bene il suo lavoro; He was given the Nobel Prize because he had worked so hard for peace, ha ricevuto il premio Nobel per aver tanto operato per la pace; DIALOGO → - Asking about routine 1- Where do you work?, dove lavori?

2 funzionare ( anche fig.); fare effetto; essere efficace; andare: to work on electricity, funzionare (o andare) con la corrente (elettrica); DIALOGO → - Power cut- The fridge has stopped working, il frigo ha smesso di funzionare; I don't think your idea will work, non credo che la tua idea funzionerà; The remedy didn't work, il rimedio non ha funzionato; The plan worked very well, il piano ha avuto un buon esito

3 penetrare (con difficoltà): The worm worked ( its way) into the wood, il tarlo è penetrato nel legno

4 lavorarsi, manipolarsi ( bene, male, ecc.): This clay works easily, quest'argilla si manipola bene

5 (fig.) maturare; fermentare: Let the idea work in your mind, lascia che l'idea ti fermenti in testa

6 contrarsi; distorcersi: Mr Hyde's features began to work in an awful manner, i lineamenti di Mr Hyde cominciarono a distorcersi in modo orrendo

7 (naut.) manovrare a fatica

8 (mecc., naut.) allentarsi; allascarsi; avere gioco

9 (tecn.: del malto, ecc.) fermentare

10 (naut.: di una nave) faticare; travagliare

11 (naut.) bordeggiare; navigare controvento

B v. t.

1 lavorare; foggiare; plasmare; manipolare: to work the soil, lavorare la terra; ( cucina) to work butter [dough] well, lavorar bene il burro [la pasta]; to work clay, manipolare l'argilla; to work iron, foggiare il ferro

2 far lavorare: He works his players hard [non stop], fa lavorare sodo [senza tregua] i suoi giocatori

3 far funzionare; azionare; manovrare; condurre: to work a machine, far funzionare una macchina; to be worked by electricity, essere azionato dall'elettricità; andare con la corrente (elettrica); to work an engine, manovrare una locomotiva; He worked the train from London to Liverpool, condusse il treno (fece da macchinista sul treno) da Londra a Liverpool

4 (tecn.) comandare: This gadget works the whole burglar-alarm, questo aggeggio comanda l'intero antifurto

5 operare; causare; produrre; provocare; compiere; esercitare; fare: Automation has worked ( o wrought) many changes in the car industry, l'automazione ha operato molti cambiamenti nell'industria automobilistica; The storm worked great ruin, la tempesta ha causato gravi danni; to work mischief, provocare (o fare) danni

6 (org. az.) dirigere; essere a capo di

7 (tecn.) dare per fermentazione: Yeast works beer, il lievito per fermentazione dà la birra

8 (econ.) sfruttare, coltivare ( una miniera): to work a coal mine, sfruttare una miniera di carbone

9 operare, ricamare; fare ( cucendo o ricamando): to work one's initials on the linen, ricamare le proprie iniziali sulla biancheria

10 esercitare un influsso su (q.); convincere; indurre; persuadere: You should work him to your way of thinking, dovresti indurlo a condividere il tuo modo di vedere

11 (fam.) sistemare; arrangiare (fam.); fare in modo: I'll work it so that you can come as well, farò in modo che anche tu possa venire; How did she work it?, come c'è riuscita?

12 ( USA) fare ( un'operazione aritmetica); risolvere ( un problema); trovare, calcolare ( un risultato)

13 ( sport: calcio, ecc.) lavorare, manovrare ( il pallone)

14 (naut.) manovrare ( una barca)

15 (fam.) lavorarsi, manipolare, sfruttare (q.)

● (comput.) to work at a distance, lavorare a distanza □ ( di un oratore, ecc.) to work the audience into enthusiasm, sollevare l'entusiasmo del pubblico □ ( di un principio, ecc.) to work both ways, valere nei due sensi (o per tutti e due) □ to work closely with sb., lavorare in stretta collaborazione con q. □ (comm.: di un commesso viaggiatore) to work a district, lavorare in una zona, fare una zona □ to work double tides, fare in un giorno il lavoro di due □ ( sport) to work the edges, agire sugli spigoli ( degli sci); spigolare □ to work free, (riuscire a) liberare, sciogliere: to work one's hands free, liberarsi le mani □ (econ.) to work full-time, lavorare a tempo pieno □ to work like a beaver, lavorare come un mulo; lavorare per dieci □ to work like a dog, lavorare come un mulo □ (mecc.) to work loose, allentare; allentarsi: The nut of the bolt has worked loose, s'è allentato il dado del bullone □ to work nights, fare il turno di notte □ to work overtime, fare lavoro straordinario; fare lo straordinario □ to work part-time, lavorare a tempo parziale (o ridotto) □ to work one's passage ( on a ship), pagarsi la traversata (su una nave) lavorando a bordo □ (leg.) to work a patent, sfruttare un brevetto □ to work in shifts, lavorare a turni □ to work a typewriter, scrivere a macchina; fare il dattilografo □ to work one's way through the crowd, farsi largo a fatica tra la folla □ to work wonders, fare miracoli □ (autom.) «Men working» ( cartello), «lavori in corso» □ It worked like a charm, la cosa andò (o tutto filò) a meraviglia; funzionò come d'incanto.
NOTA D'USO: - to work for o to work at?-

English-Italian dictionary > ♦ work
12 hard

hard [hɑ:d]

dur ⇒ 1 (a)-(c), 2 (a) difficile ⇒ 1 (b) froid ⇒ 1 (c) rude ⇒ 1 (c) concret ⇒ 1 (d) fort ⇒ 2 (a) difficilement ⇒ 2 (b) durement ⇒ 2 (c)

1 adjective

(a) (not soft → substance, light, colour) dur;

∎ to get or to become hard durcir;

∎ rock hard, (as) hard as rock dur comme la pierre;

∎ his muscles are rock hard or (as) hard as rock ses muscles sont durs comme le fer, il a des muscles d'acier;

∎ she is (as) hard as nails (emotionally) elle est dure, elle n'a pas de cœur; (physically) c'est une dure à cuire

(b) (difficult → question, problem etc) difficile, dur;

∎ the laws make it hard to leave the country à cause des lois, il est difficile de quitter le pays;

∎ to have a hard fight or struggle on one's hands avoir une lourde tâche devant soi;

∎ it's hard to explain c'est difficile ou dur à expliquer;

∎ I find it hard to understand/believe that... je n'arrive pas à comprendre pourquoi/croire que...;

∎ it's hard to say c'est difficile à dire;

∎ he's hard to get on with il n'est pas facile à vivre;

∎ she is hard to please (never satisfied) elle est difficile; (difficult to buy gifts for etc) c'est difficile de lui faire plaisir;

∎ it's hard to beat on trouve difficilement mieux;

∎ it's hard to beat a good Bordeaux il n'y a rien de meilleur qu'un bon bordeaux;

∎ the hardest part of the job is done le plus dur est fait;

∎ life is hard c'est dur, la vie;

∎ times are hard les temps sont durs ou difficiles;

∎ these are hard times for all of us c'est une période difficile pour tout le monde;

∎ to fall on hard times (financially) connaître des temps difficiles ou une période de vaches maigres; (have difficult times) connaître des temps difficiles, en voir de dures;

∎ to give sb a hard time en faire voir de dures à qn;

∎ the boss has just been giving me a hard time le patron vient de me faire passer un mauvais quart d'heure;

∎ come on, don't give me a hard time! allez, laisse-moi tranquille!;

∎ you'll have a hard time (of it) persuading him to do that tu vas avoir du mal à le convaincre de faire cela;

∎ she had a hard time of it after her mother's death elle a traversé une période difficile après la mort de sa mère;

∎ she had a hard time of it when she was a child la vie n'était pas drôle pour elle quand elle était enfant;

∎ she had a hard time of it (in childbirth, operation) elle a souffert;

∎ to learn sth the hard way (involving personal loss, suffering etc) apprendre qch à ses dépens; (in a difficult way) faire le rude apprentissage de qch;

∎ I learnt the hard way not to be underinsured j'ai appris à mes dépens qu'il ne faut pas être sous-assuré;

∎ I learnt skiing the hard way j'ai appris à skier à la dure;

∎ I learnt my seamanship the hard way j'ai fait le rude apprentissage du métier de marin;

∎ to do things the hard way (through choice) se compliquer la vie; (due to circumstances) en baver;

∎ some people always have to do things the hard way il y a des gens qui choisissent toujours la difficulté;

∎ to play hard to get (flirt) jouer les insaisissables;

∎ humorous their financial expert is playing hard to get leur expert financier semble jouer à cache-cache;

∎ the hard of hearing les malentendants mpl;

∎ to be hard of hearing être dur d'oreille;

∎ a glass of wine, or would you prefer a drop of the hard stuff? un verre de vin, ou bien préféreriez-vous une goutte de quelque chose de plus fort?;

∎ keep off the hard stuff évitez les boissons fortes

(c) (severe → voice, face, eyes) dur, froid; (→ climate, winter) rigoureux, rude; (→ frost) fort, rude;

∎ he's hard (tough) c'est un dur;

∎ to be hard on sb être dur avec qn;

∎ children are hard on their shoes les enfants font subir de mauvais traitements à leurs chaussures;

∎ it's hard on the nerves c'est dur pour les nerfs;

∎ it was hard on the others ça a été dur pour les autres;

∎ it's hardest on the children le plus dur, c'est pour les enfants;

∎ to be a hard taskmaster être dur à la tâche;

∎ to take a long hard look at sth examiner qch de près;

∎ you should take a long hard look at yourself tu devrais bien te regarder;

∎ it's a hard blow for him c'est un coup terrible pour lui;

∎ no hard feelings? tu ne m'en veux pas?;

∎ familiar hard luck!, British hard cheese!, hard lines! pas de chance!^□, pas de veine!, pas de bol!;

∎ it will be hard luck if he doesn't get the job ça ne sera pas de veine ou de bol s'il n'obtient pas le travail;

∎ don't give me any of your hard luck stories ne me raconte pas tes malheurs;

∎ he gave me some hard luck story about having lost his investments il a essayé de m'apitoyer en me racontant qu'il avait perdu l'argent qu'il avait investi;

∎ familiar a hard nut or man un dur

(d) (concrete → facts) concret(ète), tangible; (→ evidence) tangible;

∎ the hard fact is that there isn't enough money la vérité, c'est qu'il n'y a pas assez d'argent;

∎ the argument was not backed up by any hard fact l'argument ne s'appuyait sur rien de concret

(e) (strenuous)

∎ it's been a long hard day la journée a été longue;

∎ it's hard work c'est dur;

∎ it was hard work to convince him j'ai eu fort à faire pour le convaincre;

∎ she's hard work (difficult to get on with) elle n'est pas facile à vivre; (difficult to make conversation with) elle n'est pas causante;

∎ she's not afraid of hard work le travail ne lui fait pas peur;

∎ the climb was hard going la montée était rude;

∎ it's hard going making conversation with him c'est difficile de discuter avec lui

(f) (intense)

∎ she's a hard worker c'est un bourreau de travail;

∎ he's a hard drinker c'est un gros buveur, il boit beaucoup;

∎ he's a hard charger c'est un fonceur;

∎ give it a good hard shove pousse-le un bon coup, pousse-le fort

(g) Finance (stock, rates) soutenu, ferme

(h) Linguistics (consonant) dur

2 adverb

(a) (strenuously → pull, push, hit, breathe) fort; (→ work) dur; (→ run) à toutes jambes; (→ listen) attentivement;

∎ to work hard at sth beaucoup travailler qch;

∎ to work hard at improving one's service/French beaucoup travailler pour améliorer son service/français;

∎ to work sb hard faire travailler qn dur;

∎ he works hard and plays hard il se dépense beaucoup dans son travail et dans ses loisirs;

∎ you'll have to try harder il faudra que tu fasses plus d'efforts;

∎ to try hard to do sth essayer de son mieux de faire qch;

∎ try hard! fais de ton mieux!;

∎ to think hard beaucoup réfléchir;

∎ think hard! réfléchis bien!;

∎ think harder! réfléchis un peu plus!;

∎ we can't find it - well, look harder! nous ne le trouvons pas - et bien cherchez mieux!;

∎ you didn't look very hard! tu n'as pas bien cherché;

∎ to look hard at sb regarder qn bien en face;

∎ to look hard at sth examiner qch;

∎ as hard as possible, as hard as one can (work, try) le plus qu'on peut; (push, hit, squeeze) de toutes ses forces;

∎ Nautical hard astern! arrière, toute!;

∎ Cars she hauled the wheel hard over elle a braqué à fond;

∎ Cars to turn hard to the left braquer à gauche, faire un virage très sec vers la gauche;

∎ to swim hard for the shore nager de toutes ses forces vers le rivage;

∎ British they're hard at it (working) ils sont plongés dans leur travail

(b) (with difficulty) difficilement;

∎ to be hard put or pushed or pressed to do sth avoir du mal à faire qch;

∎ you'll be hard put to find a shop open at this time tu vas avoir du mal à trouver une boutique ouverte à cette heure-ci;

∎ old habits die hard les vieilles habitudes ont la vie dure

(c) (harshly, severely → treat someone) durement, sévèrement; (→ rain) à verse; (→ freeze, snow) fort;

∎ he's feeling hard done by il a l'impression d'avoir été injustement traité;

∎ to be hard hit by sth être durement touché par qch;

∎ she took the news/his death pretty hard la nouvelle/sa mort l'a beaucoup éprouvée;

∎ old-fashioned it'll go hard with him if he keeps telling lies ça va aller mal pour lui s'il continue à raconter des mensonges

(d) (solid)

∎ the ground was frozen hard le gel avait complètement durci la terre;

∎ to set hard (concrete, mortar) prendre

(e) (close)

∎ to follow hard on the heels of sb être sur les talons de qn;

∎ to follow or to come hard on the heels of sth suivre qch de très près

(f) familiar (idiom)

∎ hard up (short of money) fauché, à sec;

∎ to be hard up for ideas manquer d'idées^□, être à court d'idées^□ ;

∎ to be hard up for volunteers manquer de volontaires^□ ;

∎ figurative you must be hard up if you're going out with him! il faut vraiment que tu n'aies rien à te mettre sous la dent pour sortir avec lui!

3 noun

∎ to try one's hardest faire de son mieux

4 hard by preposition

old-fashioned tout près de

►► Typography & Computing hard carriage return retour m chariot obligatoire;

familiar hard case (person) dur(e) m,f à cuire;

hard cash (argent m) liquide m;

American hard cider cidre m;

hard coal anthracite m;

Finance hard commodities minerais mpl;

Linguistics hard consonant consonne f dure;

Computing hard copy copie f sur papier, sortie f papier;

hard core (nucleus) noyau m dur; Building industry empierrement m; Music hard rock m inv, hard m inv; (pornography) porno m hard;

British Sport hard court (for tennis) court m en ciment;

hard currency monnaie f ou devise f forte;

∎ a hard currency shop un magasin où on paye en devises;

Computing hard disk disque m dur;

Computing hard disk drive, hard drive unité f de disque dur;

hard drug drogue f dure;

Horseriding hard gallop galop m soutenu;

hard hat (of construction worker) casque m; American familiar (construction worker) ouvrier(ère) m,f du bâtiment;

hard hat area = zone où le port du casque est obligatoire;

∎ hard hat area (sign) port du casque obligatoire;

Typography & Computing hard hyphen césure f imposée, trait m d'union imposé;

hard labour (UNCOUNT) travaux mpl forcés;

hard landing (by spacecraft) atterrissage m avec impact; figurative (during economic crisis) atterrissage m brutal;

Metallurgy hard lead plomb m aigre;

Politics the hard left l'extrême gauche;

hard line ligne f de conduite dure;

∎ to take a hard line on sb/sth adopter une ligne de conduite dure avec qn/sur qch;

hard liquor spiritueux mpl;

Finance hard loan prêt m aux conditions du marché;

Press hard news nouvelles fpl sûres ou vérifiées;

Veterinary medicine hard pad coussinet m dur;

Typography & Computing hard page break fin f de page obligatoire;

Anatomy hard palate voûte f du palais, palais m dur;

hard porn porno m hard, hard m inv;

Computing hard reset réinitialisation f totale de la machine;

Typography & Computing hard return saut m de ligne manuel;

Politics the hard right l'extrême droit;

Music hard rock hard rock m inv, hard m inv; esp American Cookery hard sauce = sauce au beurre, au sucre et au brandy ou au rhum servie avec le pudding;

hard science science f dure;

hard sell vente f agressive;

∎ to give sth the hard sell promouvoir qch de façon agressive;

∎ the salesman gave us the hard sell le vendeur a essayé de nous forcer la main;

hard sell approach, hard sell tactics méthode f de vente agressive;

Cars hard shoulder bande f d'arrêt d'urgence;

hard space espace m insécable;

hard water eau f calcaire ou dure

✾ Book 'Hard Times' Dickens 'Les Temps difficiles'

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > hard
13 set

set [set]

jeu ⇒ 1 (a) série ⇒ 1 (a) ensemble ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c) cercle ⇒ 1 (b) appareil ⇒ 1 (d) poste ⇒ 1 (d) set ⇒ 1 (e) fixe ⇒ 2 (a) arrêté ⇒ 2 (b) figé ⇒ 2 (b) résolu ⇒ 2 (c) prêt ⇒ 2 (d) mettre ⇒ 3 (a), 3 (c), 3 (d) poser ⇒ 3 (a), 3 (c), 3 (e), 3 (i) situer ⇒ 3 (b) régler ⇒ 3 (c) fixer ⇒ 3 (f), 3 (i) établir ⇒ 3 (f) faire prendre ⇒ 3 (h) se coucher ⇒ 4 (a) prendre ⇒ 4 (b)

(pt & pp set, cont setting)

1 noun

(a) (of tools, keys, golf clubs, sails) jeu m; (of numbers, names, instructions, stamps, weights) série f; (of books) collection f; (of furniture) ensemble m; (of cutlery, dishes, glasses) service m; (of lingerie) parure f; (of wheels) train m; (of facts, conditions, characteristics, data) ensemble m; (of events, decisions, questions) série f, suite f; Typography (of proofs, characters) jeu m; Computing (of characters, instructions) jeu m, ensemble m;

∎ a set of matching luggage un ensemble de valises assorties;

∎ a set of table/bed linen une parure de table/de lit;

∎ a set of sheets une parure de lit;

∎ badminton/chess set jeu m de badminton/d'échecs;

∎ they're playing with Damian's train set ils jouent avec le train électrique de Damian;

∎ the cups/the chairs are sold in sets of six les tasses/les chaises sont vendues par six;

∎ I can't break up the set je ne peux pas les dépareiller;

∎ they make a set ils vont ensemble;

∎ to collect the (whole) set rassembler toute la collection, faire la collection;

∎ he made me a duplicate set (of keys) il m'a fait un double des clés; (of contact lenses) il m'en a fait une autre paire;

∎ a full set of the encyclopedia une encyclopédie complète;

∎ a full set of Tolstoy's works les œuvres complètes de Tolstoï;

∎ they've detected two sets of fingerprints ils ont relevé deux séries d'empreintes digitales ou les empreintes digitales de deux personnes;

∎ given another set of circumstances, things might have turned out differently dans d'autres circonstances, les choses auraient pu se passer différemment;

∎ the first set of reforms la première série ou le premier train de réformes;

∎ they ran a whole set of tests on me ils m'ont fait subir toute une série d'examens

(b) (social group) cercle m, milieu m;

∎ he's not in our set il n'appartient pas à notre cercle;

∎ we don't go around in the same set nous ne fréquentons pas le même milieu ou monde;

∎ the riding/yachting set le monde ou milieu de l'équitation/du yachting;

∎ the literary set les milieux mpl littéraires;

∎ the Markham set Markham et ses amis

(c) Mathematics ensemble m

(d) (electrical device) appareil m; (radio, TV) poste m;

∎ a colour TV set un poste de télévision ou un téléviseur couleur

(e) Sport set m, manche f;

∎ first set to Miss Williams set Williams

(f) Cinema & Television plateau m; Theatre (stage) scène f; (scenery) décor m;

∎ on (the) set Cinema & Television sur le plateau; Theatre sur scène

(g) (part of performance → by singer, group)

∎ he'll be playing two sets tonight il va jouer à deux reprises ce soir;

∎ her second set was livelier la deuxième partie de son spectacle a été plus animée

(h) British School groupe m de niveau

(i) (for hair) mise f en plis;

∎ to have a set se faire faire une mise en plis

(j) (posture → of shoulders, body) position f, attitude f; (→ of head) port m;

∎ I could tell he was angry by the set of his jaw rien qu'à la façon dont il serrait les mâchoires, j'ai compris qu'il était en colère

(k) (direction → of wind, current) direction f;

∎ suddenly the set of the wind changed le vent a tourné soudainement

(l) Psychology (tendency) tendance f

(m) Horticulture (seedling) semis m; (cutting) bouture f;

∎ tomato/tulip sets tomates fpl/tulipes fpl à repiquer

(n) (clutch of eggs) couvée f

(o) Hunting (of hound) arrêt m

(p) Building industry (paving stone) pavé m

(q) (of badger) terrier m

2 adjective

(a) (specified, prescribed → rule, price, quantity, sum, wage) fixe;

∎ meals are at set times les repas sont servis à heures fixes;

∎ there are no set rules for raising children il n'y a pas de règles toutes faites pour l'éducation des enfants;

∎ the tasks must be done in the set order les tâches doivent être accomplies dans l'ordre prescrit;

∎ with no set purpose sans but précis

(b) (fixed, rigid → ideas, views) arrêté; (→ smile, frown) figé;

∎ her day followed a set routine sa journée se déroulait selon un rituel immuable;

∎ he has a set way of doing it il a sa méthode pour le faire;

∎ to be set in one's ways avoir ses (petites) habitudes;

∎ to become set in one's views devenir rigide dans ses opinions

(c) (intent, resolute) résolu, déterminé;

∎ to be set on or upon sth vouloir qch à tout prix;

∎ I'm (dead) set on finishing it tonight je suis (absolument) déterminé à le finir ce soir;

∎ he's dead set against it il s'y oppose formellement

(d) (ready, in position) prêt;

∎ are you (all) set to go? êtes-vous prêt à partir?

(e) (likely) probablement;

∎ he seems well set to win il semble être sur la bonne voie ou être bien parti pour gagner;

∎ house prices are set to rise steeply les prix de l'immobilier vont vraisemblablement monter en flèche

(f) British School (book, subject) au programme;

∎ one of our set books is 'Oliver Twist' un des ouvrages au programme est 'Oliver Twist'

3 transitive verb

(a) (put in specified place or position) mettre, poser;

∎ he set his cases down on the platform il posa ses valises sur le quai;

∎ to set sth before sb (dish, glass) placer qch devant qn; (proposal, plan) présenter qch à qn;

∎ she set the steaming bowl before him elle plaça le bol fumant devant lui;

∎ to set a proposal before the board présenter un projet au conseil d'administration;

∎ to set sb on his/her feet again remettre qn sur pied;

∎ to set a match to sth mettre le feu à qch;

∎ to set sb ashore débarquer qn

(b) (usu passive) (locate, situate → building, story) situer;

∎ the house is set in large grounds la maison est située dans un grand parc;

∎ his eyes are set too close together ses yeux sont trop rapprochés;

∎ the story is set in Tokyo l'histoire se passe ou se déroule à Tokyo;

∎ her novels are set in the 18th century ses romans se passent au XVIIIème siècle

(c) (adjust → clock, mechanism) régler; (→ alarm) mettre; Computing (→ tabs, format) poser;

∎ I set my watch to New York time j'ai réglé ma montre à l'heure de New York;

∎ set your watches an hour ahead avancez vos montres d'une heure;

∎ he's so punctual you can set your watch by him! il est si ponctuel qu'on peut régler sa montre sur lui!;

∎ I've set the alarm for six j'ai mis le réveil à (sonner pour) six heures;

∎ how do I set the margins? comment est-ce que je fais pour placer les marges?;

∎ set the timer for one hour mettez le minuteur sur une heure;

∎ first set the control knob to the desired temperature mettez tout d'abord le bouton de réglage sur la température voulue;

∎ the lever was set in the off position le levier était sur "arrêt"

(d) (fix into position) mettre, fixer; (jewel, diamond) sertir, monter;

∎ the handles are set into the drawers les poignées sont encastrées dans les tiroirs;

∎ there was a peephole set in the door il y avait un judas dans la porte;

∎ to set a stake in the ground enfoncer ou planter un pieu dans la terre;

∎ metal bars had been set in the concrete des barres en métal avaient été fixées dans le béton;

∎ the brooch was set with pearls la broche était sertie de perles;

∎ the ruby was set in a simple ring le rubis était monté sur un simple anneau;

∎ Medicine to set a bone réduire une fracture;

∎ figurative his face was set in a frown son visage était figé dans une grimace renfrognée;

∎ she set her jaw and refused to budge elle serra les dents et refusa de bouger;

∎ we had set ourselves to resist nous étions déterminés à résister

(e) (lay, prepare in advance → trap) poser, tendre;

∎ to set the table mettre le couvert ou la table;

∎ to set the table for two mettre deux couverts;

∎ set an extra place at table rajoutez un couvert

(f) (establish → date, price, schedule, terms) fixer, déterminer; (→ rule, guideline, objective, target) établir; (→ mood, precedent) créer;

∎ they still haven't set a date for the party ils n'ont toujours pas fixé de date pour la réception;

∎ you've set yourself a tough deadline or a tough deadline for yourself vous vous êtes fixé un délai très court;

∎ it's up to them to set their own production targets c'est à eux d'établir ou de fixer leurs propres objectifs de production;

∎ a deficit ceiling has been set un plafonnement du déficit a été imposé ou fixé ou décidé;

∎ to set a value on sth décider de la valeur de qch;

∎ figurative they set a high value on creativity ils accordent une grande valeur à la créativité;

∎ the price was set at £500 le prix a été fixé à 500 livres;

∎ the judge set bail at $1,000 le juge a fixé la caution à 1000 dollars;

∎ how are exchange rates set? comment les taux de change sont-ils déterminés?;

∎ to set an age limit at… fixer une limite d'âge à…;

∎ to set a new fashion or trend lancer une nouvelle mode;

∎ to set a new world record établir un nouveau record mondial;

∎ to set the tone for or of sth donner le ton de qch

(g) (indicating change of state or activity)

∎ to set sth alight or on fire mettre le feu à qch;

∎ it sets my nerves on edge ça me crispe;

∎ also figurative she set me in the right direction elle m'a mis sur la bonne voie;

∎ to set sb against sb monter qn contre qn;

∎ he/the incident set the taxman on my trail il/l'incident a mis le fisc sur ma piste;

∎ to set the dogs on sb lâcher les chiens sur qn;

∎ the incident set the family against him l'incident a monté la famille contre lui;

∎ it will set the country on the road to economic recovery cela va mettre le pays sur la voie de la reprise économique;

∎ his failure set him thinking son échec lui a donné à réfléchir;

∎ the scandal will set the whole town talking le scandale va faire jaser toute la ville;

∎ to set the dog barking faire aboyer le chien;

∎ the wind set the leaves dancing le vent a fait frissonner les feuilles;

∎ to set a machine going mettre une machine en marche

(h) (solidify → yoghurt, jelly, concrete) faire prendre;

∎ pectin will help to set the jam la pectine aidera à épaissir la confiture

(i) (pose → problem) poser; (assign → task) fixer;

∎ the strikers' demands set the management a difficult problem les exigences des grévistes posent un problème difficile à la direction;

∎ I set them to work tidying the garden je les ai mis au désherbage du jardin;

∎ I've set myself the task of writing to them regularly je me suis fixé la tâche de leur écrire régulièrement

(j) British School (exam) composer, choisir les questions de; (books, texts) mettre au programme;

∎ she set the class a maths exercise, she set a maths exercise for the class elle a donné un exercice de maths à la classe;

∎ who sets the test questions? qui choisit les questions de l'épreuve?

(k) (hair)

∎ to set sb's hair faire une mise en plis à qn;

∎ and I've just had my hair set! et je viens de me faire faire une mise en plis!;

∎ I set my own hair je me fais moi-même mes mises en plis

(l) Horticulture (plant) planter

(m) Typography (text, page) composer;

∎ to set type composer

(n) Music (poem, words)

∎ to set sth to music mettre qch en musique

4 intransitive verb

(a) (sun, moon, stars) se coucher;

∎ we saw the sun setting nous avons vu le coucher du soleil

(b) (become firm → glue, cement, plaster, jelly, yoghurt) prendre;

∎ her features had set in an expression of determination ses traits s'étaient durcis en une expression de très forte détermination

(c) (bone) se ressouder

(d) (start) se mettre;

∎ he set to work il s'est mis au travail

(e) (plant, tree) prendre racine

(f) (hen) couver

(g) (wind, tide)

∎ the wind looks set fair to the east on dirait un vent d'ouest

(h) Hunting (hound) tomber en arrêt

►► Theatre, Cinema & Television set designer décorateur(trice) m,f;

Grammar set expression expression f figée;

set figures (in skating) figures fpl imposées;

set meal, set menu meal menu m;

Grammar set phrase expression f figée;

set piece

(a) Art, Literature & Music morceau m de bravoure

(b) (fireworks) pièce f (de feu) d'artifice

(c) (of scenery) élément m de décor

(d) Sport combinaison f préparée ou calculée;

Sport set point (in tennis) balle f de set;

Technology set screw vis f de réglage;

Sport set scrum (in rugby) mêlée f fermée;

set square équerre f (à dessiner);

set task tâche f assignée;

∎ to give sb a set task to do assigner à qn une tâche bien précise;

Mathematics set theory théorie f des ensembles

➲ set about inseparable transitive verb

(a) (start → task) se mettre à;

∎ she set about changing the tyre elle s'est mise à changer le pneu;

∎ I didn't know how to set about it je ne savais pas comment m'y prendre;

∎ how does one set about getting a visa? comment fait-on pour obtenir un visa?

(b) (attack) attaquer, s'en prendre à;

∎ he set about the mugger with his umbrella il s'en est pris à son agresseur à coups de parapluie

➲ set against separable transitive verb

(a) (compare)

∎ to set sth against sth comparer qch à qch;

∎ to set the benefits against the costs évaluer les bénéfices par rapport aux coûts;

∎ we must set the government's promises against its achievements nous devons examiner les promesses du gouvernement à la lumière de ses actions

(b) Finance (offset)

∎ some of these expenses can be set against tax certaines de ces dépenses peuvent être déduites des impôts

(c) (friends, family) monter contre;

∎ religious differences have set family against family les différences religieuses ont monté les familles les unes contre les autres;

∎ to set oneself or one's face against sth s'opposer résolument à qch

➲ set ahead separable transitive verb

American

∎ to set the clock ahead avancer l'horloge;

∎ we're setting the clocks ahead tonight on change d'heure cette nuit

➲ set apart separable transitive verb

(a) (place separately → object) mettre à part ou de côté;

∎ there was one deck chair set slightly apart from the others il y avait une chaise longue un peu à l'écart des autres;

∎ they set themselves apart ils faisaient bande à part

(b) (distinguish) distinguer ( from de);

∎ her talent sets her apart from the other students son talent la distingue des autres étudiants

➲ set aside separable transitive verb

(a) (put down → knitting, book) poser;

∎ could you set aside what you're working on for a while? pouvez-vous laisser ce que vous êtes en train de faire un moment?

(b) (reserve, keep → time, place) réserver; (→ money) mettre de côté; (→ arable land) mettre en friche;

∎ I've set tomorrow aside for house hunting j'ai réservé la journée de demain pour chercher une maison;

∎ the room is set aside for meetings la pièce est réservée aux réunions;

∎ can you set the book aside for me? pourriez-vous me mettre ce livre de côté?;

∎ chop the onions and set them aside coupez les oignons et réservez-les

(c) (overlook, disregard) mettre de côté, oublier, passer sur;

∎ they set their differences aside in order to work together ils ont mis de côté leurs différences pour travailler ensemble

(d) (reject → dogma, proposal, offer) rejeter

(e) Law (annul → contract, will) annuler; (→ verdict, judgment) casser

➲ set back separable transitive verb

(a) (situate towards the rear)

∎ the building is set back slightly from the road l'immeuble est un peu en retrait par rapport à la route

(b) (delay → plans, progress) retarder;

∎ his illness set him back a month in his work sa maladie l'a retardé d'un mois dans son travail;

∎ the news may set him or his recovery back la nouvelle risque de retarder sa guérison;

∎ this decision will set the economy back ten years cette décision va faire revenir l'économie dix ans en arrière

(c) familiar (cost) coûter à^□ ;

∎ the trip will set her back a bit le voyage va lui coûter cher

➲ set down separable transitive verb

(a) (tray, bag etc) poser

(b) British (passenger) déposer;

∎ the bus sets you down in front of the station le bus vous dépose devant la gare

(c) (note, record) noter, inscrire;

∎ try and set your thoughts down on paper essayez de mettre vos pensées par écrit

(d) (establish → rule, condition) établir, fixer;

∎ the government has set down a margin for pay increases le gouvernement a fixé une fourchette pour les augmentations de salaire;

∎ permissible levels of pollution are set down in the regulations les taux de pollution tolérés sont fixés dans les réglementations;

∎ to set sth down in writing coucher qch par écrit;

∎ it is clearly set down that drivers must be insured il est clairement signalé ou indiqué que tout conducteur doit être assuré

➲ set forth

1 inseparable transitive verb

formal (expound → plan, objections) exposer, présenter;

∎ the recommendations are set forth in the last chapter les recommandations sont détaillées ou énumérées dans le dernier chapitre

2 intransitive verb

literary partir, se mettre en route

➲ set in

1 intransitive verb

(problems) survenir, surgir; (disease) se déclarer; (winter) commencer; (night) tomber;

∎ if infection sets in si la plaie s'infecte;

∎ the bad weather has set in for the winter le mauvais temps s'est installé pour tout l'hiver;

∎ panic set in (began) la panique éclata; (lasted) la panique s'installa

2 separable transitive verb

Sewing (sleeve) monter

➲ set off

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (alarm) déclencher; (bomb) faire exploser; (fireworks) faire partir

(b) (reaction, process, war) déclencher, provoquer;

∎ their offer set off another round of talks leur proposition a déclenché une autre série de négociations;

∎ it set her off on a long tirade against bureaucracy cela eut pour effet de la lancer dans une longue tirade contre la bureaucratie;

∎ to set sb off laughing faire rire qn;

∎ this answer set them off (laughing) cette réponse a déclenché les rires;

∎ one look at his face set me off again en le voyant, mon fou rire a repris de plus belle;

∎ if you say anything it'll only set him off (crying) again si tu dis quoi que ce soit, il va se remettre à pleurer;

∎ the smallest amount of pollen will set her off la moindre dose de pollen lui déclenche une réaction allergique;

∎ don't mention Maradona or you'll set him off again surtout ne prononce pas le nom de Maradona sinon il va recommencer;

∎ someone mentioned the war and of course that set Uncle Arthur off quelqu'un prononça le mot guerre, et évidemment, oncle Arthur embraya aussitôt sur le sujet;

∎ figurative to set sb off on the wrong track mettre qn sur une fausse piste

(c) (enhance) mettre en valeur;

∎ the vase sets off the flowers beautifully le vase met vraiment les fleurs en valeur

(d) Finance (offset)

∎ some of these expenses can be set off against tax certaines de ces dépenses peuvent être déduites des impôts

2 intransitive verb

partir, se mettre en route;

∎ he set off at a run il est parti en courant;

∎ I set off to explore the town je suis parti explorer la ville;

∎ after lunch, we set off again après le déjeuner, nous avons repris la route

➲ set on

1 inseparable transitive verb

(attack) attaquer, s'en prendre à

2 separable transitive verb

(a) (cause to follow)

∎ to set the police on the tracks of a thief mettre la police aux trousses d'un voleur;

∎ to set sb on his/her way mettre qn sur les rails

(b) (cause to attack)

∎ to set a dog on sb lâcher un chien sur qn

➲ set out

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (arrange → chairs, game pieces) disposer; (→ merchandise) étaler;

∎ the shopping centre is very well set out le centre commercial est très bien conçu

(b) (present → ideas) exposer, présenter;

∎ the information is set out in the table below ces données sont présentées dans le tableau ci-dessous

2 intransitive verb

(a) (leave) se mettre en route, partir;

∎ just as he was setting out au moment de son départ;

∎ to set out for school partir pour l'école;

∎ to set out again repartir;

∎ to set out in pursuit/in search of sb se mettre à la poursuite/à la recherche de qn

(b) (undertake course of action) entreprendre;

∎ he has trouble finishing what he sets out to do il a du mal à terminer ce qu'il entreprend;

∎ I can't remember now what I set out to do je ne me souviens plus de ce que je voulais faire à l'origine;

∎ they all set out with the intention of changing the world au début, ils veulent tous changer le monde;

∎ she didn't deliberately set out to annoy you il n'était pas dans ses intentions de vous froisser;

∎ his theory sets out to prove that… sa théorie a pour objet de prouver que…

➲ set to intransitive verb

(a) (begin work) commencer, s'y mettre;

∎ we set to with a will nous nous y sommes mis avec ardeur

(b) familiar (two people → start arguing) avoir une prise de bec; (→ start fighting) en venir aux mains

➲ set up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (install → equipment, computer) installer; (→ roadblock) installer, disposer; (→ experiment) préparer;

∎ everything's set up for the show tout est préparé ou prêt pour le spectacle;

∎ set the chairs up in a circle mettez ou disposez les chaises en cercle;

∎ he set the chessboard up il a disposé les pièces sur l'échiquier;

∎ the equation sets up a relation between the two variables l'équation établit un rapport entre les deux variables;

∎ the system wasn't set up to handle so many users le système n'était pas conçu pour gérer autant d'usagers;

∎ he set the situation up so she couldn't refuse il a arrangé la situation de telle manière qu'elle ne pouvait pas refuser

(b) (erect, build → tent, furniture kit, crane, flagpole) monter; (→ shed, shelter) construire; (→ monument, statue) ériger;

∎ to set up camp installer ou dresser le camp

(c) (start up, institute → business, scholarship) créer; (→ hospital, school) fonder; (→ committee, task force) constituer; (→ system of government, republic) instaurer; (→ programme, review process, system) mettre en place; (→ inquiry) ouvrir; (→ dinner, meeting, appointment) organiser;

∎ to set up house or home s'installer;

∎ they set up house together ils se sont mis en ménage;

∎ to set up a dialogue entamer le dialogue;

∎ you'll be in charge of setting up training programmes vous serez responsable de la mise en place des programmes de formation;

∎ the medical system set up after the war le système médical mis en place après la guerre

(d) (financially, in business → person) installer, établir;

∎ he set his son up in a dry-cleaning business il a acheté à son fils une entreprise de nettoyage à sec;

∎ she could finally set herself up as an accountant elle pourrait enfin s'installer comme comptable;

∎ the money would set him up for life l'argent le mettrait à l'abri du besoin pour le restant de ses jours;

∎ the army set him up as a dictator l'armée l'installa comme dictateur

(e) (provide)

∎ we're well set up with supplies nous sommes bien approvisionnés;

∎ she can set you up with a guide/the necessary papers elle peut vous procurer un guide/les papiers qu'il vous faut;

∎ I can set you up with a girlfriend of mine je peux te présenter à ou te faire rencontrer une de mes copines

(f) (restore energy to) remonter, remettre sur pied;

∎ have a brandy, that'll set you up prends un cognac, ça va te remonter

(g) familiar (frame) monter un coup contre;

∎ she claims she was set up elle prétend qu'elle est victime d'un coup monté;

∎ he was set up as the fall guy on a fait de lui le bouc émissaire^□, il a joué le rôle de bouc émissaire^□

(h) Typography (text) composer

2 intransitive verb

s'installer, s'établir;

∎ he's setting up in the fast-food business il se lance dans la restauration rapide;

∎ to set up on one's own (business) s'installer à son compte; (home) prendre son propre appartement

➲ set upon inseparable transitive verb

(physically or verbally) attaquer, s'en prendre à

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > set
14 Murdock (Murdoch), William

SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Public utilities

[br]

b. 21 August 1754 Cumnock, Ayrshire, Scotland

d. 15 November 1839 Handsworth, Birmingham, England

[br]

Scottish engineer and inventor, pioneer in coal-gas production.

[br]

He was the third child and the eldest of three boys born to John Murdoch and Anna Bruce. His father, a millwright and joiner, spelled his name Murdock on moving to England. He was educated for some years at Old Cumnock Parish School and in 1777, with his father, he built a "wooden horse", supposed to have been a form of cycle. In 1777 he set out for the Soho manufactory of Boulton \& Watt, where he quickly found employment, Boulton supposedly being impressed by the lad's hat. This was oval and made of wood, and young William had turned it himself on a lathe of his own manufacture. Murdock quickly became Boulton \& Watt's representative in Cornwall, where there was a flourishing demand for steam-engines. He lived at Redruth during this period.

It is said that a number of the inventions generally ascribed to James Watt are in fact as much due to Murdock as to Watt. Examples are the piston and slide valve and the sun-and-planet gearing. A number of other inventions are attributed to Murdock alone: typical of these is the oscillating cylinder engine which obviated the need for an overhead beam.

In about 1784 he planned a steam-driven road carriage of which he made a working model. He also planned a high-pressure non-condensing engine. The model carriage was demonstrated before Murdock's friends and travelled at a speed of 6–8 mph (10–13 km/h). Boulton and Watt were both antagonistic to their employees' developing independent inventions, and when in 1786 Murdock set out with his model for the Patent Office, having received no reply to a letter he had sent to Watt, Boulton intercepted him on the open road near Exeter and dissuaded him from going any further.

In 1785 he married Mary Painter, daughter of a mine captain. She bore him four children, two of whom died in infancy, those surviving eventually joining their father at the Soho Works. Murdock was a great believer in pneumatic power: he had a pneumatic bell-push at Sycamore House, his home near Soho. The pattern-makers lathe at the Soho Works worked for thirty-five years from an air motor. He also conceived the idea of a vacuum piston engine to exhaust a pipe, later developed by the London Pneumatic Despatch Company's railway and the forerunner of the atmospheric railway.

Another field in which Murdock was a pioneer was the gas industry. In 1791, in Redruth, he was experimenting with different feedstocks in his home-cum-office in Cross Street: of wood, peat and coal, he preferred the last. He designed and built in the backyard of his house a prototype generator, washer, storage and distribution plant, and publicized the efficiency of coal gas as an illuminant by using it to light his own home. In 1794 or 1795 he informed Boulton and Watt of his experimental work and of its success, suggesting that a patent should be applied for. James Watt Junior was now in the firm and was against patenting the idea since they had had so much trouble with previous patents and had been involved in so much litigation. He refused Murdock's request and for a short time Murdock left the firm to go home to his father's mill. Boulton \& Watt soon recognized the loss of a valuable servant and, in a short time, he was again employed at Soho, now as Engineer and Superintendent at the increased salary of £300 per year plus a 1 per cent commission. From this income, he left £14,000 when he died in 1839.

In 1798 the workshops of Boulton and Watt were permanently lit by gas, starting with the foundry building. The 180 ft (55 m) façade of the Soho works was illuminated by gas for the Peace of Paris in June 1814. By 1804, Murdock had brought his apparatus to a point where Boulton \& Watt were able to canvas for orders. Murdock continued with the company after the death of James Watt in 1819, but retired in 1830 and continued to live at Sycamore House, Handsworth, near Birmingham.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Royal Society Rumford Gold Medal 1808.

Further Reading

S.Smiles, 1861, Lives of the Engineers, Vol. IV: Boulton and Watt, London: John Murray.

H.W.Dickinson and R.Jenkins, 1927, James Watt and the Steam Engine, Oxford: Clarendon Press.

J.A.McCash, 1966, "William Murdoch. Faithful servant" in E.G.Semler (ed.), The Great Masters. Engineering Heritage, Vol. II, London: Institution of Mechanical Engineers/Heinemann.

IMcN

Biographical history of technology > Murdock (Murdoch), William
15 fashion

1. noun
1) Art [und Weise]

talk/behave in a peculiar fashion — merkwürdig sprechen/sich merkwürdig verhalten

walk crab-fashion/in a zigzag fashion — im Krebsgang/Zickzack gehen

after or in the fashion of — im Stil od. nach Art von

after or in a fashion — schlecht und recht; einigermaßen

2) (custom, esp. in dress) Mode, die

the latest summer/autumn fashions — die neusten Sommer-/Wintermodelle

it is the fashion — es ist Mode od. modern

be all the fashion — große Mode od. groß in Mode sein

in fashion — in Mode; modern

be out of fashion — aus der Mode od. nicht mehr modern sein

come into/go out of fashion — in Mode/aus der Mode kommen

it was the fashion in those days — das war damals Sitte od. Brauch
2. transitive verb
formen, gestalten (out of, from aus; [in]to zu)

* * *
['fæʃən]
noun

1) (the style and design of clothes: Are you interested in fashion?; ( also adjective) a fashion magazine.) die Mode, Mode-...

2) (the way of behaving, dressing etc which is popular at a certain time: Fashions in music and art are always changing.) die Mode

3) (a way of doing something: She spoke in a very strange fashion.) die Art und Weise

•

- academic.ru/26541/fashionable">fashionable
- fashionably
- after a fashion
- all the fashion
- in fashion
- out of fashion
* * *

fash·ion

[ˈfæʃ^ən]

I. n

1. (popular style) Mode f

there's a \fashion for denim overalls Jeansoveralls sind im Moment in Mode

to be the \fashion schick [o Mode] sein fam

long curly hair is the \fashion this summer diesen Sommer trägt man langes gelocktes Haar

to be all the \fashion der [absolute] Renner sein fam

to be dressed in the latest \fashion nach der neuesten Mode gekleidet sein

to be in \fashion in Mode [o modern] sein

to be out of \fashion aus der Mode [o unmodern] [o SCHWEIZ out] sein fam

old-world courtesy is out of \fashion these days altväterliche Höflichkeit ist heutzutage nicht mehr gefragt

to go out of \fashion aus der Mode kommen, unmodern werden

2. (newly designed clothes)

▪ \fashions pl Mode f, Kollektion f

the latest Paris \fashions die neueste Pariser Mode

the spring \fashions die Frühjahrsmode

3. no pl (industry) Modebranche f

the world of \fashion die Modewelt

Italian \fashion die italienische Mode[branche]

4. (manner)

▪ to do sth in a certain \fashion etw auf eine bestimmte Art und Weise tun

why is he scratching his nose in that peculiar \fashion? warum kratzt er sich so an der Nase?

she held the fork in her right hand, American \fashion sie hielt die Gabel in der rechten Hand, wie es für einen Amerikaner typisch ist

after a \fashion einigermaßen

the machine works, after a \fashion die Maschine funktioniert einigermaßen

I can cook, after a \fashion ich kann so halbwegs kochen

II. vt

▪ to \fashion sth etw fertigen geh; ( fig: create) etw ausarbeiten

* * *
['fSən]
1. n

1) no pl (= manner) Art (und Weise) f

(in the) Indian fashion — auf Indianerart, nach Art der Indianer

in the usual fashion — wie üblich

in a similar fashion — auf ähnliche Weise

to behave in a strange fashion — sich merkwürdig verhalten

did it work/have you translated it? – after a fashion — hat es geklappt/hast du es übersetzt? – so einigermaßen

to do sth after or in a fashion — etw recht und schlecht machen

I can cook after a fashion —

a novel after or in the fashion of D.H. Lawrence — ein Roman im Stil von D. H. Lawrence

in this fashion — auf diese Weise, so

2) (in clothing = latest style) Mode f

(back) in fashion — (wieder) modern

it's the/all the fashion — es ist Mode/große Mode

to come into/go out of fashion —

a man of fashion — ein modischer Herr

the Paris fashions — die Pariser Mode

she always wears the latest fashions — sie ist immer nach der neuesten Mode gekleidet

fashions in women's clothes — die Damenmode

to set a fashion — eine Mode aufbringen

the fashion world — die Welt der Mode

3) (= custom of society) Sitte f, Brauch m; (of individual) Gewohnheit f

it was the fashion in those days — das war damals Sitte or Brauch

2. vt
formen, gestalten
to fashion sth after sth — etw einer Sache (dat) nachbilden

* * *

fashion [ˈfæʃn]

A s

1. Mode f:

it is (all) the fashion es ist (große) Mode, es ist (hoch)modern;

there is a fashion for ger es ist jetzt Mode zu inf;

be back in fashion wieder modern oder aktuell sein;

it became the fashion es wurde (große) Mode;

bring (come) into fashion in Mode bringen (kommen);

come back into fashion wieder in Mode kommen, wieder modern oder aktuell werden;

dress after the latest fashion sich nach der neuesten Mode kleiden;

go out of fashion aus der Mode kommen, unmodern werden;

set the fashion

a) die Mode vorschreiben,

b) fig den Ton angeben;

fashion designer Modedesigner(in), -zeichner(in);

fashion house Modegeschäft n, Mode(n)haus n;

fashion journal ( oder magazine) Modejournal n;

fashion model

a) Mannequin n,

b) Dressman m;

fashion parade Mode(n)schau f;

fashion photographer Modefotograf(in);

fashion plate

a) Modebild n,

b) fig Modepuppe f, (Mode)Geck m (beide pej);

fashion show Mode(n)schau f;

fashion student Modeschüler(in);

fashion stylist Modeschöpfer(in);

fashion victim Modefreak m

2. (feine) Lebensart, (gepflegter) Lebensstil, Vornehmheit f:

a man of fashion ein Mann von Lebensart

3. Art f und Weise f, Methode f, Manier f, Stil m:

after one’s fashion auf seine Art oder Weise;

after ( oder in) a fashion schlecht und recht, einigermaßen, so lala umg;

an artist after a fashion so etwas wie ein Künstler;

after the fashion of im Stil oder nach Art von (od gen)

4. Fasson f, (Zu)Schnitt m, Form f, Modell n, Machart f

5. Sorte f, Art f:

men of all fashions Menschen aller Art

B v/t

1. herstellen, machen

2. formen, bilden, gestalten, machen, arbeiten ( alle:

according to, after nach;

out of, from aus;

to, into zu)

3. (to) anpassen (dat, an akk), zurechtmachen (für)

C adv wie, nach Art von (oder gen):

American-fashion im amerikanischen Stil, auf amerikanisch

* * *
1. noun
1) Art [und Weise]

talk/behave in a peculiar fashion — merkwürdig sprechen/sich merkwürdig verhalten

walk crab-fashion/in a zigzag fashion — im Krebsgang/Zickzack gehen

after or in the fashion of — im Stil od. nach Art von

after or in a fashion — schlecht und recht; einigermaßen

2) (custom, esp. in dress) Mode, die

the latest summer/autumn fashions — die neusten Sommer-/Wintermodelle

it is the fashion — es ist Mode od. modern

be all the fashion — große Mode od. groß in Mode sein

in fashion — in Mode; modern

be out of fashion — aus der Mode od. nicht mehr modern sein

come into/go out of fashion — in Mode/aus der Mode kommen

it was the fashion in those days — das war damals Sitte od. Brauch
2. transitive verb
formen, gestalten (out of, from aus; [in]to zu)

* * *

n.

Art -en f.

Art und Weise f.

Mode -n f. v.

gestalten v.

English-german dictionary > fashion
16 shift

I [ʃɪft]
nome

1) (alteration) cambiamento m. (in di)

a shift to the left — pol. uno spostamento verso sinistra

the shift from agriculture to industry — il passaggio dall'agricoltura all'industria

2) ind. (period of time) turno m.; (group of workers) squadra f. di turno, turno m.

to work shifts o be on shifts fare i turni; to be on night shifts — fare il turno di notte, fare la notte

3) (woman's dress) chemisier m.; (undergarment) ant. sottoveste f.

4) ling. mutamento m. linguistico

5) AE aut. gearshift

6) (on keyboard) shift key
II 1. [ʃɪft]
verbo transitivo

1) (move) spostare [furniture, vehicle]; muovere, spostare [ arm]; teatr. cambiare [ scenery]

to shift one's position — fig. cambiare posizione o idea

2) (get rid of) fare scomparire, eliminare [stain, dirt]

I can't shift this cold! — BE colloq. non riesco a liberarmi di questo raffreddore!

3) (transfer) (to another department) avvicendare; (to another town, country) trasferire [ employee]; fig. scaricare [ blame] ( onto su)

to shift attention away from a problem — distogliere l'attenzione da un problema

4) AE aut.

to shift gear — cambiare marcia
2.
verbo intransitivo

1) (anche shift about) (move around) [ load] spostarsi, muoversi

to shift from one foot to the other — spostare il peso da un piede all'altro

2) (move)

the scene shifts to Ireland — cinem. teatr. la scena si sposta in Irlanda

this stain won't shift! — questa macchia non se ne vuole andare!

shift! — BE colloq. spostati! fatti più in là!

3) (change) [ attitude] cambiare, modificarsi; [ wind] girare, cambiare (direzione)

opinion has shifted to the right — l'opinione pubblica ha virato a destra

4) BE colloq. (go quickly) [ person] andare a tutta birra; [ vehicle] filare

5) AE aut.

to shift into second gear — mettere la seconda
3.
verbo riflessivo

to shift oneself — spostarsi

* * *
[ʃift] 1. verb
1) (to change (the) position or direction (of): We spent the whole evening shifting furniture around; The wind shifted to the west overnight.) spostare, spostarsi

2) (to transfer: She shifted the blame on to me.) spostare

3) (to get rid of: This detergent shifts stains.) togliere
2. noun
1) (a change (of position etc): a shift of emphasis.) cambiamento

2) (a group of people who begin work on a job when another group stop work: The night shift does the heavy work.) (squadra di turno)

3) (the period during which such a group works: an eight-hour shift; ( also adjective) shift work.) turno

•

- shiftless
- shiftlessness
- shifty
- shiftily
- shiftiness
* * *
shift /ʃɪft/
n.

1 cambiamento; mutamento; avvicendamento; sostituzione; spostamento: a shift in public opinion, un cambiamento dell'opinione pubblica

2 turno ( di lavoro): to work the night shift, fare il turno di notte; to work in shifts, lavorare a turni: DIALOGO → - Asking about routine 2- I work six-hour shifts, faccio turni di sei ore; ( USA) graveyard shift, (squadra del) turno di notte; DIALOGO → - Asking about routine 2- How long are your shifts?, quanto durano i tuoi turni?

3 squadra di turno: shift boss, capo della squadra di turno

4 espediente; risorsa; stratagemma; sotterfugio; trucchetto: to live by shifts, vivere di espedienti

5 ( del vento) salto

6 (agric.) rotazione; avvicendamento: the shift of crops, la rotazione delle colture

7 (autom., USA, = gearshift) (leva del) cambio: ( USA) stick shift, cambio sul pavimento

8 (fis.) spostamento: Doppler shift, spostamento Doppler

9 (geol.) rigetto orizzontale

10 (ling.) rotazione; spostamento dei suoni: consonant shift, rotazione consonantica (delle lingue germaniche); the great vowel shift, la grande rotazione vocalica (dal «Middle English» all'ingl. moderno)

11 ( sport) scarto ( di un cavallo, un atleta)

12 ( atletica) rotazione del corpo ( nel lancio del martello)

13 (arc.) camicia, sottoveste, camicia da notte ( da donna)

14 (arc.) imbroglio, truffa

● ( di tastiera) shift key, tasto delle maiuscole □ ( di tastiera) shift lock, tasto fissamaiuscole; fissamaiuscole (sost. m.) □ (ling.) shift of meaning, slittamento di senso □ (autom., USA) shift stick, leva del cambio □ shift worker, turnista □ to make shift, ingegnarsi; arrabattarsi: We must make shift without him, dobbiamo ingegnarci senza di lui (o fare da soli) □ to make shift with st., fare lo stesso con qc.; accontentarsi di qc.
♦ (to) shift /ʃɪft/
A v. t.

1 spostare; cambiare; mutare; sostituire: to shift the weight from one's back, spostare il peso dalle proprie spalle; to shift the cargo on the deck of a ship, spostare il carico sul ponte di una nave; to shift the scene, cambiar la scena (a teatr., in un romanzo, ecc.); to shift one's lodging, mutar residenza; cambiare casa

2 trasferire; avvicendare ( personale); ( sport) spostare, dirottare ( un giocatore)

3 togliere, mandare via ( macchie e sim.)

4 (fam.) disfarsi di, piazzare, vendere: to shift stolen goods, piazzare merce rubata

5 (comput.) scorrere; fare scorrere (angl.)

6 (fam.) ingurgitare; tracannare

B v. i.

1 spostarsi; muoversi; viaggiare continuamente; trasferirsi: He shifted in his chair, si è spostato sulla sedia; They shifted about for several years, si sono trasferiti da una città all'altra per alcuni anni

2 cambiare; mutare: The scene shifted, la scena è cambiata; Tastes have shifted, sono mutati i gusti

3 ( del vento) cambiare direzione, voltarsi; (naut.) girare: The wind has shifted to the south, il vento ha girato verso sud

4 ( di solito to shift for oneself) arrangiarsi; ingegnarsi: I must shift as I can, devo arrangiarmi alla meglio; You must shift for yourself now, devi ingegnarti da solo, ora

5 (naut.: del carico) spostarsi; scorrere

6 (autom., USA) cambiare (marcia)

7 (fam.) andare a tutta birra

8 ( raro arc.) usar sotterfugi; ingannare; truffare

● to shift one's balance, spostare il peso del corpo □ (naut.) to shift berth, cambiare ormeggio □ to shift the blame onto sb. else, gettare (o far ricadere) la colpa su un altro; dare la colpa a un altro □ (leg.) to shift the burden of proof, scaricare l'onere della prova sulla parte avversa □ to shift for oneself, fare da sé; cavarsela da solo; arrangiarsi □ (autom.) to shift gears, cambiare marcia; (fig.) cambiare tono (o atteggiamento, ecc.) all'improvviso □ (fig.) to shift one's ground, portare la questione su un terreno diverso □ (naut.) to shift the helm, cambiare la barra □ to shift the hip, spostare il bacino □ (autom., spec. USA) to shift into second [third], inserire (o mettere) la seconda [la terza] □ (autom.) to shift into top gear, mettere (o inserire) la marcia più alta; ingranare la quinta; (fig.) accelerare il ritmo ( del lavoro, ecc.) □ to shift the responsibility, scaricare la responsabilità; fare a scaricabarile (fam.).

* * *
I [ʃɪft]
nome

1) (alteration) cambiamento m. (in di)

a shift to the left — pol. uno spostamento verso sinistra

the shift from agriculture to industry — il passaggio dall'agricoltura all'industria

2) ind. (period of time) turno m.; (group of workers) squadra f. di turno, turno m.

to work shifts o be on shifts fare i turni; to be on night shifts — fare il turno di notte, fare la notte

3) (woman's dress) chemisier m.; (undergarment) ant. sottoveste f.

4) ling. mutamento m. linguistico

5) AE aut. gearshift

6) (on keyboard) shift key
II 1. [ʃɪft]
verbo transitivo

1) (move) spostare [furniture, vehicle]; muovere, spostare [ arm]; teatr. cambiare [ scenery]

to shift one's position — fig. cambiare posizione o idea

2) (get rid of) fare scomparire, eliminare [stain, dirt]

I can't shift this cold! — BE colloq. non riesco a liberarmi di questo raffreddore!

3) (transfer) (to another department) avvicendare; (to another town, country) trasferire [ employee]; fig. scaricare [ blame] ( onto su)

to shift attention away from a problem — distogliere l'attenzione da un problema

4) AE aut.

to shift gear — cambiare marcia
2.
verbo intransitivo

1) (anche shift about) (move around) [ load] spostarsi, muoversi

to shift from one foot to the other — spostare il peso da un piede all'altro

2) (move)

the scene shifts to Ireland — cinem. teatr. la scena si sposta in Irlanda

this stain won't shift! — questa macchia non se ne vuole andare!

shift! — BE colloq. spostati! fatti più in là!

3) (change) [ attitude] cambiare, modificarsi; [ wind] girare, cambiare (direzione)

opinion has shifted to the right — l'opinione pubblica ha virato a destra

4) BE colloq. (go quickly) [ person] andare a tutta birra; [ vehicle] filare

5) AE aut.

to shift into second gear — mettere la seconda
3.
verbo riflessivo

to shift oneself — spostarsi

English-Italian dictionary > shift
17 proportion

1. noun
1) (portion) Teil, der; (in recipe) Menge, die

the proportion of deaths is high — der Anteil der Todesfälle ist hoch

what proportion of candidates pass the exam? — wie groß ist der Anteil der erfolgreichen Prüfungskandidaten?

2) (ratio) Verhältnis, das

the proportion of something to something — das Verhältnis von etwas zu etwas

the high proportion of imports to exports — der hohe Anteil der Importe im Vergleich zu den Exporten

in proportion [to something] — [einer Sache (Dat.)] entsprechend

3) (correct relation) Proportion, die; (fig.) Ausgewogenheit, die

sense of proportion — Sinn für Proportionen

be in proportion [to or with something] — (lit. or fig.) im richtigen Verhältnis [zu od. mit etwas] stehen

try to keep things in proportion — (fig.) versuchen Sie, die Dinge im richtigen Licht zu sehen

be out of proportion/all or any proportion [to or with something] — (lit. or fig.) in keinem/keinerlei Verhältnis zu etwas stehen

get things out of proportion — (fig.) die Dinge zu wichtig nehmen; (worry unnecessarily) sich (Dat.) zu viele Sorgen machen

4) in pl. (size) Dimension, die

5) (Math.) Proportion, die

in direct/inverse proportion — direkt/umgekehrt proportional
2. transitive verb
(make proportionate) proportionieren

proportion something to something — etwas einer Sache (Dat.) anpassen; see also academic.ru/108624/proportioned">proportioned

* * *
[prə'po:ʃən]
noun

1) (a part (of a total amount): Only a small proportion of the class passed the exam.) der Teil

2) (the (correct) quantity, size, number etc ( of one thing compared with that of another): For this dish, the butter and flour should be in the proportion of three to four (=eg 300 grammes of butter with every 400 grammes of flour).) das Verhältnis

•

- proportional
- proportionally
- proportionate
- proportionately
- be
- get in proportion to
- get in proportion
- be
- get out of all proportion to
- get out of proportion to
- get out of all proportion
- get out of proportion
- in proportion to
* * *

pro·por·tion

[prəˈpɔ:ʃ^ən, AM -ˈpɔ:r-]

n

1. (part) Anteil m

2. no pl (relation) Proportion f, Verhältnis nt

in \proportion to sb/sth im Verhältnis zu jdm/etw

to be in/out of \proportion [to sth] im/in keinem Verhältnis zu etw dat stehen

to be in/out of \proportion [to each other] in den Proportionen [zueinander] stimmen/nicht stimmen

I'm all out of \proportion in this picture auf diesem Bild stimmen die Proportionen überhaupt nicht

3. (in drawing)

▪ \proportions pl Proportionen pl

4. (balance) Verhältnis nt

to have/keep a sense of \proportion bei etw dat den richtigen Maßstab anlegen

to blow sth out of [all] \proportion etw maßlos übertreiben

to keep sth in \proportion etw im richtigen Verhältnis sehen

5. (size)

▪ \proportions pl Ausmaße pl

a building of gigantic \proportions ein Gebäude von gewaltigen Ausmaßen

to assume [or take on] massive/exaggerated \proportions massive/übertriebene Ausmaße annehmen

* * *
[prə'pOːSən]
1. n

1) (= ratio, relationship in number) Verhältnis nt (of x to y zwischen x und y); (= relationship in size, ART) Proportionen pl

to be in/out of proportion (to one another) (in number) — im richtigen/nicht im richtigen Verhältnis zueinanderstehen; ( in size, Art ) in den Proportionen stimmen/nicht stimmen; (in time, effort etc) im richtigen/in keinem Verhältnis zueinanderstehen

to be in/out of proportion to or with sth — im Verhältnis/in keinem Verhältnis zu etw stehen; ( in size, Art )

in proportion to what she earns her contributions are very small — im Verhältnis zu dem, was sie verdient, ist ihr Beitrag äußerst bescheiden

in direct/inverse proportion to sth — in direktem/umgekehrtem Verhältnis zu etw; (Math) direkt/indirekt proportional zu etw

to get sth in proportion (Art) — etw proportional richtig darstellen; (fig) etw objektiv betrachten

he has got the arms out of proportion — er hat die Arme proportional falsch dargestellt

he has let it all get out of proportion (fig) — er hat den Blick für die Proportionen verloren

it's out of all proportion! — das geht über jedes Maß hinaus!

sense of proportion (lit, fig) — Sinn m für Proportionen

in due proportion — in angemessenem Verhältnis

in proportion as — in dem Maße wie

a man of huge proportions —

he admired her ample proportions — er bewunderte ihre üppigen Formen

a room of good proportions — ein Zimmer mit guter Raumaufteilung

2) (= part, amount) Teil m

a certain proportion of the population — ein bestimmter Teil der Bevölkerung

the proportion of drinkers in our society is rising constantly — der Anteil der Trinker in unserer Gesellschaft nimmt ständig zu

what proportion of the industry is in private hands? — wie groß ist der Anteil der Industrie, der sich in Privathand befindet?

a proportion of the industry is in private hands — ein Teil der Industrie befindet sich in Privathand

2. vt

you haven't proportioned the head properly — Sie haben den Kopf proportional falsch dargestellt

he proportioned the building beautifully — er hat das Gebäude wunderbar ausgewogen gestaltet

a realistically proportioned model — ein maßstabgetreues Modell

a nicely proportioned woman — eine wohlproportionierte Frau

* * *

proportion [prəˈpɔː(r)ʃn; US auch -ˈpəʊr-]

A s

1. Verhältnis n (of … to von … zu):

in proportion as in dem Maß, wie; je nachdem, wie;

in proportion to im Verhältnis zu;

be paid in proportion to the number of hours one works nach Arbeitsstunden bezahlt werden;

out of all proportion unverhältnismäßig;

be out of all proportion to in keinem Verhältnis oder in keiner Relation stehen zu;

what proportion of …? wie viel von (oder gen) …?

2. richtiges Verhältnis, Gleich-, Ebenmaß n:

the painting is out of proportion die Proportionen des Bildes stimmen nicht;

see things in (out of) proportion fig die Dinge (nicht) im richtigen Verhältnis sehen

3. (verhältnismäßiger) Anteil:

in proportion anteilig

4. CHEM, MATH Proportion f, Verhältnis n:

law of multiple proportions Gesetz n der multiplen Proportionen

5. MATH

a) Verhältnisgleichung f, Proportion f

b) Dreisatz(rechnung) m(f), Regeldetri f

c) auch geometric proportion Verhältnisgleichheit f

6. meist pl Ausmaß(e) n(pl), Größe(nverhältnisse) f(pl), Dimensionen pl

7. MUS

a) Schwingungsverhältnis n

b) Rhythmus m

8. fig

a) Symmetrie f

b) Harmonie f

B v/t

1. (to) in das richtige Verhältnis bringen (mit, zu), anpassen (dat)

2. verhältnis- oder anteilmäßig verteilen

3. symmetrisch oder harmonisch gestalten:

well proportioned ebenmäßig, wohlgestaltet, -proportioniert

4. proportionieren, bemessen, dimensionieren

* * *
1. noun
1) (portion) Teil, der; (in recipe) Menge, die

the proportion of deaths is high — der Anteil der Todesfälle ist hoch

what proportion of candidates pass the exam? — wie groß ist der Anteil der erfolgreichen Prüfungskandidaten?

2) (ratio) Verhältnis, das

the proportion of something to something — das Verhältnis von etwas zu etwas

the high proportion of imports to exports — der hohe Anteil der Importe im Vergleich zu den Exporten

in proportion [to something] — [einer Sache (Dat.)] entsprechend

3) (correct relation) Proportion, die; (fig.) Ausgewogenheit, die

sense of proportion — Sinn für Proportionen

be in proportion [to or with something] — (lit. or fig.) im richtigen Verhältnis [zu od. mit etwas] stehen

try to keep things in proportion — (fig.) versuchen Sie, die Dinge im richtigen Licht zu sehen

be out of proportion/all or any proportion [to or with something] — (lit. or fig.) in keinem/keinerlei Verhältnis zu etwas stehen

get things out of proportion — (fig.) die Dinge zu wichtig nehmen; (worry unnecessarily) sich (Dat.) zu viele Sorgen machen

4) in pl. (size) Dimension, die

5) (Math.) Proportion, die

in direct/inverse proportion — direkt/umgekehrt proportional
2. transitive verb
(make proportionate) proportionieren

proportion something to something — etwas einer Sache (Dat.) anpassen; see also proportioned

* * *

n.

Anteil -e m.

Proportion f.

Verhältnis n.

English-german dictionary > proportion
18 master

master ['mɑ:stə(r)]

1 noun

(a) (of household, dog, servant, situation) maître m;

∎ the master of the house le maître de maison;

∎ to be master in one's own house être maître chez soi;

∎ to be one's own master être son propre maître;

∎ to be (the) master of one's fate être maître de son destin;

∎ he's master of the situation il est maître de la situation;

∎ proverb like master like man tel maître, tel valet

(b) (expert) maître m;

∎ chess master maître m;

∎ he's a master at the art of ducking questions il est maître dans l'art d'éluder les questions

(c) School (in primary school) instituteur m, maître m d'école; (in secondary school) professeur m; (private tutor) maître m;

∎ history master professeur m d'histoire

(d) University

∎ Master of Arts/Science (person) titulaire mf d'une maîtrise de lettres/de sciences; (qualification) maîtrise f ès lettres/ès sciences;

∎ she's doing a master's (degree) in philosophy elle prépare une maîtrise de philosophie

(e) old-fashioned formal (boy's title)

∎ Master David Thomas Monsieur David Thomas;

∎ Master David (said by servant) Monsieur David

(f) Art maître m

(g) Nautical (of ship) capitaine m; (of fishing boat) patron m;

∎ Nautical master's certificate brevet m de capitaine

(h) University (head of college) principal m

(i) (original copy) original m; (standard) étalon m;

∎ Computing master (disk) disque m maître

2 adjective

(a) (overall) directeur, maître

(b) (in trade) maître;

∎ master chef/craftsman maître chef m /artisan m;

∎ a master thief un(une) voleur(euse) de génie

(c) (controlling) principal;

∎ master switch interrupteur m général

(d) (original) original

3 transitive verb

(a) (person, animal) maîtriser, dompter; (problem, difficulty) surmonter, venir à bout de; (emotions) maîtriser, surmonter; (situation) maîtriser, se rendre maître de;

∎ to master oneself se maîtriser, se dominer

(b) (subject, technique) maîtriser;

∎ she mastered Portuguese in only six months six mois lui ont suffi pour maîtriser le portugais;

∎ I never really mastered the language je n'ai jamais eu une bonne maîtrise de la langue

►► Building industry master beam poutre f maîtresse;

master bedroom chambre f principale;

Finance master budget budget m global;

master builder maître m bâtisseur;

master card carte f maîtresse;

master of ceremonies (at reception) maître m des cérémonies; (on TV show) présentateur m;

master class cours m de maître; Music master class m;

∎ figurative the press conference was a master class in how to handle the media pour ceux qui veulent savoir comment se comporter face aux médias, cette conférence de presse pourrait servir de leçon;

master copy original m;

French Canadian Military master corporal ≃ caporal-chef m;

Cars master cylinder maître-cylindre m;

Computing master disk disque m maître;

Computing master file fichier m principal ou maître;

Hunting master of hounds, master of foxhounds maître m d'équipage;

master key passe-partout m inv;

Nautical master mariner capitaine m;

Television master monitor récepteur m de contrôle final;

master plan stratégie f globale;

master race race f supérieure;

Music master record disque m original;

British Law Master of the Rolls ≃ président m de la cour d'appel (en Grande-Bretagne);

American Military master sergeant ≃ sergent-chef m;

master soundtrack mixage m magnétique final;

master tape bande f originale;

Commerce master of works maître m d'œuvre

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > master
19 better

̈ɪˈbetə держащий пари лучший;
лучшее - one's *s высшие по положению, вышестоящие лица;
старшие - to change for the * измениться к лучшему > to think the * of smb быть высокого мнения о ком-л > for * or worse в счастье и в несчастье, в радости и в горе лучший;
высший - one's * feelings лучшие чувства более подходящий, более выгодный - you are a * man for this job than I am ты больше подходишь для этой работы, чем я лучше - I am * today мне сегодня лучше - are you feeling any *? вы себя лучше чувствуете? больший - the * part of smth. большая часть чего-л, большинство - I haven't been there for the * part of twenty years я не был там почти двадцать лет > * sort выдающиуся люди > no * than ничуть не лучше > to do * than one's word сделать больше обещанного > no * than she should be (эвфмеизм) она не отличается строгостью поведения лучше - he does it * than I do он делает это лучше меня в большей степени;
больше - I like him * than his brother он мне нравится больше, чем его брат - * than a pound больше фунта полнее;
основательнее;
сильнее - he is * loved than ever его лябят сильнее, чем когда-либо - to be * off жить лучше (материально) - he is * off now that he has a new job теперь. когда у него новая работа, он лучше обеспечен - to go one * превзойти - he tried to go us one * by bidding twice as much for it он пытался одолеть нас, увеличив ставки вдвое > to think * of smth. передумать, изменить мнение > I know * меня не проведешь > * late than never лучше поздно, чем никогда > the sooner the * чем скорее, тем лучше улучшать;
исправлять;
совершенствовать - he never *ed his earlier works он никогда не исправлял свои ранние произведения улучшаться;
исправляться - the situation has *ed since yesterday со вчерашнего дня положение выправилось получить повышение;
продвинуться( по службе) - in a few years he had *ed himself considerably by his talents and industry за несколько лет он значительно продвинулся по службе благодаря своим способностям и трудолюбию превосходить, превышать - the other classes cannot * our grades другие классы не могут обогнать нас в учебе
to think ~ (of smth.) переменить мнение (о чем-л.) ;
передумать;
all the better, so mush the better тем лучше

to be ~ off быть богаче;
to be better than one's word сделать больше обещанного

to be ~ off быть богаче;
to be better than one's word сделать больше обещанного word: to be as good as one's ~ сдержать слово;
to be better than one's word сделать больше обещанного

better держащий пари ~ (сравн. ст. от well), лучше;
больше ~ (сравн. ст. от good) лучший ~ превзойти, превысить ~ улучшать(ся) ;
поправлять(ся) ;
исправлять(ся) ;
to better oneself получить повышение (по службе) ~ чувствующий себя лучше;
I am better я чувствую себя лучше, мне лучше bettor: bettor =better

the ~ half разг. дражайшая половина, жена

the ~ hand преимущество, перевес, превосходство;
no better than a fool просто дурак

~ off богатый ~ off состоятельный

~ улучшать(ся) ;
поправлять(ся) ;
исправлять(ся) ;
to better oneself получить повышение (по службе)

the ~ part большинство

for ~ for worse что бы ни случилось;
на горе и радость

to get the ~ (of smb.) получить преимущество (над кем-л.), взять верх, победить

~ чувствующий себя лучше;
I am better я чувствую себя лучше, мне лучше

twice as long and ~ более чем вдвое длиннее;
I know better меня не проведешь

never ~ разг. как нельзя лучше;
you'd be all the better (for) вам не мешало бы...;
none the better (for) ничуть не лучше

the ~ hand преимущество, перевес, превосходство;
no better than a fool просто дурак

never ~ разг. как нельзя лучше;
you'd be all the better (for) вам не мешало бы...;
none the better (for) ничуть не лучше

one's ~s более компетентные или осведомленные люди one's ~s вышестоящие лица

to think ~ (of smth.) переменить мнение (о чем-л.) ;
передумать;
all the better, so mush the better тем лучше

to think ~ (of smth.) переменить мнение (о чем-л.) ;
передумать;
all the better, so mush the better тем лучше

twice as long and ~ более чем вдвое длиннее;
I know better меня не проведешь

you had ~ go вам бы лучше пойти;
you'd better believe it амер. разг. можете быть уверены

never ~ разг. как нельзя лучше;
you'd be all the better (for) вам не мешало бы...;
none the better (for) ничуть не лучше

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > better
20 better

I [ʹbetə] n
держащий пари
II
1. [ʹbetə] n

лучший; лучшее

one's betters - высшие по положению, вышестоящие лица; старшие

to change for the better - измениться к лучшему

♢ to think (all) the better of smb. - быть высокого мнения о ком-л.

for better or worse - в счастье и в несчастье, в радости и в горе

2. [ʹbetə] a

1. compar от good II

2. 1) лучший; высший

one's better feelings - лучшие чувства

2) более подходящий, более выгодный

you are a better man for this job than I am - ты больше подходишь для этой работы, чем я

3. лучше

I am /feel/ better today - мне сегодня лучше

are you feeling any better? - вы себя лучше чувствуете?

4. больший

the better part /half/ of smth. - большая часть чего-л., большинство

I haven't been there for the better part of twenty years - я не был там почти двадцать лет

♢ better sort - выдающиеся люди

no better than - ничуть не лучше

to do /to be/ better than one's word - ≅ сделать больше обещанного

no better than she should be - эвф. ≅ она не отличается строгостью поведения

3. [ʹbetə] adv

1. compar от well2 III

2. лучше

he does it better than I do - он делает это лучше меня

3. в большей степени; больше

I like him better than his brother - он мне нравится больше, чем его брат

better than a pound - больше фунта

4. полнее; основательнее; сильнее

he is better loved than ever - его любят сильнее, чем когда-либо

to be better off - жить лучше ( материально)

he is better off now that he has a new job - теперь, когда у него новая работа, он лучше обеспечен

to go one better - превзойти

he tried to go us one better by bidding twice as much for it - он пытался одолеть нас, увеличив ставки вдвое

♢ to think better of smth. - передумать, изменить мнение

I know better - меня не проведёшь

better late than never - лучше поздно, чем никогда

the sooner the better - чем скорее, тем лучше

4. [ʹbetə] v

1. 1) улучшать; исправлять; совершенствовать

he never bettered his earlier works - он никогда не исправлял свои ранние произведения

2) улучшаться; исправляться

the situation has bettered since yesterday - со вчерашнего дня положение выправилось /≅ дела пошли в гору/

3) refl получить повышение; продвинуться ( по службе)

in a few years he had bettered himself considerably by his talents and industry - за несколько лет он значительно продвинулся по службе благодаря своим способностям и трудолюбию

2. превосходить, превышать

the other classes cannot better our grades - другие классы не могут обогнать нас в учёбе /по успеваемости/

НБАРС > better

Страницы

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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she works in industry

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

she works in industry

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